睡眠呼吸障碍儿童警觉性注意的事件相关电位研究

Event-related potential study on vigilant attention in children with sleep disordered breathing

目的探讨睡眠呼吸障碍(sleep disordered breathing,SDB)儿童警觉性注意功能及行为学变化。方法2022年6月至2023年8月选取SDB儿童(SDB组)和正常儿童(对照组)各30名。所有被试均进行可持续性的操作测试(continuous performance test,CPT-AX)(Go/Nogo任务)及行为学检测,测量F3、Fz、F4导联cue/uncue条件下关联性负变(contingent negative variation,CNV)成分的潜伏期和波幅。应用SPSS 25.0统计软件,通过t检验及Mann-Whitney U检验进行统计分析。结果(1)SDB组与对照组对比,正确个数、反应时间、虚报个数,均差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05);(2)SDB组F3、Fz、F4导联cue-CNV潜伏期[F3:618.00(582.50,644.50)ms,Fz:603.00(579.50,634.00)ms,F4:(606.87±25.07)ms]长于对照组[F3:(508.47±25.82)ms,Fz:502.00(470.00,520.50)ms,F4:514.00(487.00,536.50)ms]。SDB组F4导联cue-CNV波幅高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。SDB组F3、Fz导联uncue-CNV潜伏期均长于对照组,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论SDB儿童注意任务过程中表现出右侧脑区激活,CNV潜伏期延长可能为临床早期评估警觉性注意功能障碍敏感的神经电生理标志物。

Objective To explore the vigilant attention function and behavioral changes in sleep disordered breathing(SDB)children.Methods Thirty SDB children(SDB group)and 30 normal children(control group)were selected from June 2022 to August 2023.All participants underwent continuous performance test(CPT-AX)(Go/Nogo)and behavioral test.The latency and amplitude of contingent negative variation(CNV)components under cue/uncue conditions in leads F3,Fz and F4 were measured.The t-test and Mann-Whitney U test were used to conduct statistical analysis by SPSS 25.0 software.Results(1)There were no statistically significant differences in the number of correct responses,reaction time and number of false alarms between the SDB group and the control group(all P>0.05).(2)The latencies of cue-CNV in the SDB group(F3:618.00(582.50,644.50)ms,Fz:603.00(579.50,634.00)ms,F4:(606.87±25.07)ms)were longer than those in the control group(F3:(508.47±25.82)ms,Fz:502.00(470.00,520.50)ms,F4:514.00(487.00,536.50)ms)in leads F3,Fz and F4.The latency of cue-CNV of lead F4 in the SDB group was higher than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The latencies of uncue-CNV in lead F3 and Fz in the SDB group were higher than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(both P<0.05).Conclusion SDB children have shown activation in the right brain area during attentional tasks,and the prolonged CNV latency may be a sensitive neuroelectrophysiological marker for early clinical assessment of vigilant attention dysfunction.