安塞区托幼机构儿童健康状况分析

Analysis of health status of children in childcare institutions in Ansai district

目的分析2020—2022年安塞区29所托幼机构儿童体检数据,掌握儿童基本健康状况,明确存在的突出问题及相关影响因素。方法回顾性分析2020—2022年安塞区29所托幼机构3~7岁17306名儿童的体检数据。结果安塞区托幼机构儿童体检常见疾病按检出率由高至低排序依次为龋齿、佝偻病体征、肥胖、贫血、消瘦、生长迟缓、视力低常及发育行为预警征象筛查未通过。2020—2022年儿童的肥胖、视力低常、龋齿、佝偻病体征及贫血检出率呈逐年上升趋势,生长迟缓及消瘦发病率呈逐年下降趋势。儿童的肥胖、视力低常、龋齿、佝偻病体征及发育行为预警征象筛查未通过检出率随着年龄增长而增高,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);儿童的生长迟缓、消瘦及贫血检出率随着年龄增长而降低,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。乡镇儿童的生长迟缓、消瘦、佝偻病体征及贫血检出率高于城区,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论安塞区托幼机构儿童健康状况不容乐观,要从根本上改善安塞区托幼机构儿童健康状况,需要保健机构、教育托幼机构及家庭三方协作配合。

Objective To analyze the physical examination data of children in 29 childcare institutions in Ansai district from 2020 to 2022,grasp the basic health status of children,and clarify the prominent problems and related influencing factors.Methods The physical examination data of 17306 children aged 3-7 years in 29 childcare institutions in Ansai district from 2020 to 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.Results According to the detection rate from high to low,the common disease in physical examination of children in childcare institutions in Ansai district were dental caries,rickets signs,obesity,anemia,emaciation,growth retardation,low vision and early warning signs of developmental behavior screening failed.From 2020 to 2022,the detection rates of obesity,low vision,dental caries,rickets signs and anemia in children increased year by year,and the detection rates of growth retardation and emaciation decreased year by year.The detection rates of obesity,low vision,dental caries,rickets signs and early warning signs of developmental behavior screening failed in children increased with age,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05);the detection rates of growth retardation,emaciation and anemia decreased with age,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The detection rates of growth retardation,emaciation,rickets signs and anemia in children in towns were higher than those in urban areas,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The health status of children in childcare institutions in Ansai district is not optimistic.In order to fundamentally improve the health status of children in childcare institutions in Ansai district,it is necessary for health institutions,educational childcare institutions and families to work together.