元青花钴料微区化学组成差异性特征研究

Chemical Compositions of Co-Based Materials in Yuan Dynasty Blue-and-White Porcelains

同一元青花瓷子母线旋纹与主题纹蓝彩色泽等装饰效果存有异同,本研究为探索其微区化学组成特征差异,采用能谱仪(EDXRF)对景德镇陶瓷大学博物馆馆藏元青花绘饰内容进行无损分析并进行实验模拟,取得以下成果:(1)探明了这批标本所用钴料组成特征以及其类别归属;(2)揭示了子母线旋纹与主题纹饰化学组成差异以及其特征;(3)厘清了钴料工艺提纯对形成特征差异之间的关系;(4)佐证了元青花瓷已开始出现不同的绘饰用料,继而影响明清时期青花瓷绘体系。该研究不仅为元青花瓷科技研究提供新的角度,同时为进一步探索中国青花瓷绘饰体系提供参考。

The Chinese Yuan Dynasty blue-and-white porcelains exhibit different ornamentation effects,such as bow string and main patterns.In this study,ten pieces of blue-and-white porcelains in the Jingdezhen Ceramic University Museum were examined using energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence to reveal the chemical compositions in their microzones.Four key findings were obtained.Firstly,the Co-based material used in the specimens was imported ore with high Fe and low Mn contents,with certain quantity of Ni and As.Secondly,the bow-string and main patterns had different(Fe+Mn)/Co ratios,with the main patterns having lower ratios,suggesting purer Co characteristics.Thirdly,the differences in the elemental ratios were verified using a historical purification process,whereby the main pattern was speculated to be painted with purified Co-based materials.Finally,the material differences that began to appear during the Yuan Dynasty,which influenced the painting of blue-and-white porcelains in the Ming and Qing dynasties,were investigated.This study provided with a new perspective on the Yuan Dynasty blue-and-white porcelains and the development of decoration systems for Chinese blue-and-white porcelain paintings.