不同形状的表面织构刀具仿真车削Inconel 718合金研究

Research on Turning Inconel 718 Alloy with Different Shape Surface Microtextured Tools

目的针对目前车削Inconel 718镍基高温合金主要面临的可加工性差和刀具磨损两个问题,提出表面微织构技术进行刀具设计与制备。方法首先建立微织构刀具的理论刀-屑接触长度模型,其次,利用理论刀-屑接触长度模型,建立表面织构刀具切削力的理论模型以及切削热的理论模型;最后,根据理论刀-屑接触长度的变化规律,对微织构刀具的切削力、切削温度进行理论分析,并最终建立有限元仿真模型。结果通过有限元仿真结果表明微织构刀具比硬质合金刀具的车削性能要好。结论与硬质合金刀具的切削力对比,微织构刀具的三向切削力均偏小;且轴向力、径向力在一定范围内波动,主切削力呈增长趋势。与硬质合金刀具的切削温度对比,微织构刀具可以降低切削过程中切削热,且圆形微织构刀具是3种微织构刀具中切削温度最低的;与硬质合金刀具对比,表面微织构可以降低刀具表面磨损问题,减少刀具与切屑的挤压作用和摩擦作用,且不同形状的表面织构产生的磨损深度不同。

Objective In view of the two main problems of poor machinability and tool wear in turning Inconel 718 nickel-based superalloy,surface micro-texture technology was proposed for tool design and fabrication.Methods Firstly,the theoretical tool-chip contact length model of the micro-texture tool was established.Secondly,the theoretical models of cutting force and cutting heat of surface texture tool were established by using the theoretical tool-chip contact length model.Finally,the cutting force and cutting temperature of the micro-textured tool were analyzed theoretically according to the changes in theoretical tool-chip contact length,and the finite element simulation model was established.Results The results of finite element simulation show that the micro-texture tool has better turning performance than the carbide tool.Conclusion Compared with the cutting force of carbide tools,the three-way cutting force of the micro-texture tool is small.The axial force and radial force fluctuate in a certain range,and the main cutting force is increasing.Compared with the cutting temperature of carbide tools,micro-texture tools can reduce the cutting heat during cutting,and the circular micro-texture tool has the lowest cutting temperature among the three micro-texture tools.Compared with carbide tools,surface micro textures can reduce the surface wear of the tool,and reduce the extrusion and friction between the tool and the chip.And the different shapes of surface micro-textures produce different wear depths.