基本养老保险对灵活就业人员幸福感的影响——来自微观个体数据的证据

The Effect of Basic Pension Insurance on the Well-being of Flexible Employees:Evidence from Micro-individual Data

数字经济背景下,我国灵活就业人员数量在不断扩大。文章运用2018年中国劳动力动态调查数据,构建有序Probit模型,探讨基本养老保险对灵活就业人员幸福感的具体影响。研究结果表明:基本养老保险能够显著提升灵活就业人员的幸福感,且提升作用对于非农户口、高学历以及西部地区的灵活就业人员更为显著;相较于居民基本养老保险,职工基本养老保险对灵活就业人员幸福感的提升作用更强。进一步的影响机制检验发现,社会公平感在基本养老保险和灵活就业人员幸福感之间发挥重要的中介作用。因此,推进全民参保计划、缩小地区间养老保障水平差距和营造公平公正的社会氛围等将有助于提升灵活就业人员的幸福感。

In the context of digital economy,the number of flexibly employed people in China is expanding.The paper uses data from the 2018 China Labor-force Dynamics Survey to construct an ordered probit model to explore the specific impact of basic pension insurance on the happiness of flexibly employed people.The analysis results show that basic pension insurance can significantly enhance the happiness of flexibly employed persons,and the enhancement effect is more significant for flexibly employed persons with non-agricultural hukou,high education,and those in the western region;compared with residents'basic pension insurance,employees'basic pension insurance has a stronger enhancement effect on the happiness of flexibly employed persons.Further testing of the influence mechanism reveals that the sense of social fairness plays an important mediating role between basic pension insurance and the happiness of flexibly employed people.Therefore,promoting the universal insurance program,narrowing the gap between regions in terms of the level of old-age protection and creating a fair and just social atmosphere will help to enhance the happiness of the flexibly employed.