老年综合评估在老年住院患者中的应用及影响因素分析

Application and influencing factors analysis of comprehensive elderly assessment in elderly hospitalized patients

目的探究老年综合评估在老年住院患者中的应用及影响因素。方法该研究选取2020年1月-2021年7月于常德市第一人民医院收治的65岁以上老年患者为研究对象,共纳入100例患者,按照随机数字表法分为两组,每组50例。对比两组患者的一般资料,包括年龄、性别、体重指数(BMI)、肝功、血生化等基线资料差异;对比两组老年综合征14种表型的检出率情况;对比两组患者的住院时间、入院后6个月的再住院率以及出院时生活质量(SF-36)评分。结果采用老年综合评估后,研究组患者老年综合征各种表型包括视力障碍、衰弱、跌倒风险、听力障碍、尿失禁、日常生活能力、认知障碍、抑郁、肌少症、压疮风险、营养不良以及焦虑的检出情况均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),研究组的患者住院时间以及再住院率与对照组相比显著降低,而研究组患者出院时的生活质量评分与对照组相比显著增加(P<0.05)。结论采用老年综合评估,可以提高患者多种疾病的检出率,提高住院患者的康复水平和生活质量,降低了住院患者的再住院率,为老年患者提供更好的医疗资源,提高其生活质量。

Objective Exploring the application and influencing factors of comprehensive elderly assessment in elderly hospitalized patients.Methods This study selected elderly patients aged 65 and above who were admitted to our hospital from January 2020 to July 2021 as the research subjects.A total of 100 patients were included and divided into two groups using a random number table method,with 50 patients in each group.Compare the general information of two groups of patients,including differences in baseline data such as age,gender,body mass index(BMI),liver function,and blood biochemistry;compare the detection rates of 14 phenotypes of elderly syndrome between two groups;compare the length of hospital stay,readmission rate at 6 months after admission,and quality of life(SF-36)score at discharge between two groups of patients.Results After adopting a comprehensive assessment of the elderly,the detection of various phenotypes of elderly syndrome in the study group,including visual impairment,frailty,risk of falls,hearing impairment,urinary incontinence,daily living ability,cognitive impairment,depression,sarcopenia,pressure ulcer risk,malnutrition,and anxiety,were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05),the length of hospital stay and readmission rate of patients in the study group were significantly reduced compared to the control group,while the quality of life score of patients in the study group at discharge was significantly increased compared to the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion The use of comprehensive elderly assessment can improve the detection rate of various diseases in patients,improve the rehabilitation level and quality of life of hospitalized patients,reduce the readmission rate of hospitalized patients,provide better medical resources for elderly patients,and improve their quality of life.