“神骨肉”:中国美学话语视野下山东快书艺术结构探赜

“Divine Flesh and Bone”:An Exploration of the Artistic Structure of Shandong Kuaishu from the Perspective of Chinese Aesthetic Discourse

中国传统美学中人物品藻式的审美体悟方式,往往将“神骨肉”作为审美对象的基本结构,历代学人先贤亦以此为研究传统文艺结构与奥妙的不二法门。在研究传统文艺时,文艺评论者往往将“骨”作为一个艺术作品的核心形式与内涵,将“肉”作为一个艺术作品的扩充性内容与形式,而将“神”作为一个艺术作品所传达出来的思想和神韵。因此,“神骨肉”也成为无数的艺术批评家所推崇的研究手段和审美方式。这种审美体悟方式同样适用于曲艺。而山东快书作为影响广泛的全国性曲种、中国传统曲艺的重要组成部分,具有典型的曲艺审美意义。在曲艺专业跃升为独立学科的时代背景下,我们应该回归中国传统美学话语视野,审视剖析山东快书独特的艺术结构与美学价值,为建立曲艺研究话语体系、丰富曲艺美学研究语料贡献力量,同时促进山东快书自身美学魅力与时代价值的阐发与彰显。

The special aesthetic understanding of human figures as images of the flesh and bones of gods highly informs traditional Chinese aesthetics.Naturally,the traditional Chinese academic circle is in the habit of taking this as the only way to study the structure and mystery of traditional literature and art.When studying traditional literature and art,literary critics often use the term“bone”to refer to a piece of art’s binding form and core connotation and employ the term“flesh”to refer to its expansive content and form,while making the term“divine”stand for the thought and charm it conveys.Therefore,“divine”,“bone”and“flesh”grow highly commendable as both research methods and aesthetic perspectives.This way of aesthetic understanding is applicable not only to traditional literature and art,but also to quyi in general.As a widely influential national genre of quyi,Shandong Kuaishu exhibits a typical aesthetic flavor of its own.In the context of quyi ascending the status as an independent discipline,Shandong Kuaishu as an important part of quyi deserves special attention.From the perspective of traditional aesthetic discourse,this paper analyzes the artistic structure and aesthetic value of Shandong Kuaishu,toward contributing to the establishment of a discourse system for quyi research and enriching the corpus of quyi aesthetic research.Equally,it is expected to promote the elucidation and highlighting of Shandong Kuaishu’s own aesthetic charm and its relevance to the value of the times.