现象学行动理论初探

Probing into Phenomenological Action Theory

现象学行动理论萌芽于埃德蒙德·胡塞尔,胡塞尔对意识结构的分析,尤其对本质直观和意愿问题的探讨为现象学行动理论的产生提供了理论基础。现象学行动理论发端于马克斯·舍勒,舍勒对行动的构成要素进行了分析,勾勒了现象学行动理论的雏形。现象学行动理论形成于迪特里希·冯·希尔德勃朗特,希尔德勃朗特第一次明确地提出了现象学行动理论,认为整个行动由依次奠基的事态及其价值的意识、意愿和实现活动三部分构成。现象学行动理论发展于汉斯·莱纳,莱纳在批判性继承希尔德勃朗特观点基础上构建了独具特色的现象学行动理论。

Action is known as the most fundamental human movement and the carrier of moral values.The Phenomenological Action Theory sprouted from Husserl,who offered a theoretical foundation through his analysis of consciousness structure,particularly the exploration of essential intuition and willingness.For the real origin of the Phenomenological Action Theory,it shall trace back to Scheler.He analyzed the components of action and outlined the prototype of the Theory.The Phenomenological Action Theory was finally formed by Dietrich von Hildebrand,who first explicitly proposed this theory and stated that an action consists of three parts:the consciousness of the state of affairs and its value,the will,and the realization of movement.The Phenomenological Action Theory was later developed by Hans Reiner,who critically inherited Hildebrand’s view and constructed the distinctive Phenomenological Action Theory.