2017-2022年四川省绵阳市白纹伊蚊监测结果及登革热传播风险评估

Surveillance results of Aedes albopictus and risk assessment of dengue fever transmission in Mianyang City,Sichuan Province from 2017 to 2022

目的 为了解四川省绵阳市登革热媒介伊蚊密度、分布、消长趋势,为评估登革热传播风险和媒介控制提供科学依据。方法 2017-2022年在绵阳市采用布雷图指数(BI)法、双层叠帐法对伊蚊幼蚊和成蚊开展监测,对结果进行汇总分析。采用SPSS 19.0软件进行统计分析,分类资料中率的比较采用χ^(2)检验,帐诱指数、布雷图指数差异采用多个独立样本间非参数秩和检验(Kruskal-Wallis检验)。以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。按照《登革热媒介伊蚊监测指南》(2014版)定性评估登革热传播风险。结果 2017-2022年绵阳市登革热媒介仅为白纹伊蚊,年平均密度呈现先下降后上升的趋势,每年7至9月为白纹伊蚊密度的高峰期。成蚊的年平均帐诱指数为1.88只/(顶·h),幼蚊的年平均BI为14.64,不同年份的BI差异有统计学意义(H=24.857,P<0.001)。竹筒类容器中白纹伊蚊幼虫阳性率最高,不同孳生容器之间的CI差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=42.012,P<0.001)。监测的36个月中,有登革热传播风险的月份占比69.44%。结论绵阳市白纹伊蚊密度较高,存在登革热传播风险。应重视并开展爱国卫生运动,加强以清除孳生地为主,化学灭蚊为辅的蚊密度控制措施。

Objective To understand the density,distribution and trend of dengue vector Aedes mosquito in Mianyang City,Sichuan Province,and to provide scientific basis for risk assessment of dengue transmission and vector control.Methods Brego index(BI)and double-layer net method were used to monitor the larval Aedes mosquitoes and adult Aedes mosquitoes in Mianyang City from 2017 to 2022,and the monitoring results were summarized and analyzed.SPSS 19.0 software was used for statistical analysis.Chi-square test was used to compare the rates of classified data.Non-parametric rank sum test(Kruskal-Wallis test)was used for comparison of the differences between the net inductance index and the Breteau index.P<0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.The risk of dengue transmission was qualitatively assessed according to the Guidelines for Surveillance of Dengue Vector Aedes(2014 edition).Results The dengue fever vector in Mianyang City from 2017 to 2022 was only Aedes albopictus.The average annual density showed a trend of first decreasing and then increasing.The highest density of Aedes albopictus was from July to September of each year.The average annual net trapping index of adult Aedes mosquitoes was 1.88 mosquitoes/nethour.The average annual BI of the larvae was 14.64.There were significant differences in the BI among different years(H=24.857,P<0.001).The positive rate of Aedes albopictus larvae in bamboo containers was the highest.The CI(container index)of different breeding containers was significantly different(x^(2)=42.012,P<0.001).Of the 36 months monitored,69.44%had a risk of dengue transmission.Conclusions Due to the high density of Aedes albopictus,there is a risk of dengue transmission in Mianyang City.The patriotic health campaign should be attached importance to and carried out.The mosquito density control measures should be strengthened,mainly by eliminating breeding places and supplemented by chemical mosquito control.