伦理、中国性与现代文学语言的技术化问题——论黄锦树“中文现代主义”

Ethics,Chineseness and the Technical Issue of modern Chinese Literary Language:On Ng Kim Chew's‘Modernism of Chinese Language’

黄锦树对“中文现代主义”概念的建构与阐释,一方面因关注到中国现代文学诞生语境的动态性与对话性、文学面貌结构的错综性以及文学存在形态的问题丛结,从而对以国别看待文学史的视角有所超越;另一方面则重视中国现代文学在全球现代性中的境遇以及自立的艰难,而分析其语言技术化的必要性、伦理意义以及与“中国性”的复杂关系,以此来重新界定中国现代文学的本质品格。这样的理解和黄锦树作为马来西亚的华人学者切身的离散、弱势的伦理自觉密切相关,这种自觉使黄锦树对于“中国性”的理解显得片面,并把伦理的影响绝对化,而忽视了现代文学语言的技术化问题来源的复杂性。

On one hand,Ng Kim Chew's construction and interpretation of the concept of'modernism of Chinese language'somehow transcends the perspective in which literary histories are viewed in terms of nation as he is concerned with the dynamics and dialogism of the context in which modern Chinese literature was born,the complexity of the structure of literary features,and the complex of the existent forms of literature,and,on the other hand,he attaches importance to the circumstance of Chinese literature in global modernity and the difficulty of its self-establishment while analyzing the technical necessity of the language,ethical significance and its complex relationship with Chineseness,thus defining the essential qualities of modern Chinese literature.Such an understanding is closely related to Ng Kim Chew's ethical self-consciousness of personal dispersal and disadvantage as a Chinese Malaysian scholar,and such a self-consciousness,though,has made Ng's understanding of Chineseness seem one-sided and his treatment of ethical influence absolute,ignoring the complexity of the source of technical issues involving the modern literary language.