新外来中药玛咖对甲状腺功能调节作用和安全性实验研究

Regulatory Effect and Safety of New Exotic Chinese Medicine Maca on Thyroid Function

目的:探究新外来中药玛咖对正常大鼠和甲状腺肿大鼠甲状腺功能的调节作用,并观察其安全性。方法:采用Wistar雌性大鼠探究玛咖对甲状腺肿大鼠甲状腺功能调节作用和安全性,随机数字表法随机分为对照组、模型组、阳性药组、玛咖高剂量组、玛咖低剂量组。通过灌胃丙硫氧嘧啶(PTU)4周复制甲状腺肿模型,同时阳性药组,玛咖高、低剂量组分别给予相应药物。观察各组大鼠甲状腺组织病理形态,甲状腺系数,甲状腺激素合成、调控等相关指标;观察大鼠肝、肾组织形态和肝肾功能相关指标。采用Wistar雌性大鼠探究玛咖对正常大鼠甲状腺功能的调节作用,随机分为对照组和4个不同剂量的玛咖组。除对照组外,其余4组分别给予相应药物。统计甲状腺系数,测定大鼠甲状腺激素合成、调控等相关指标。结果:与模型组比较,玛咖组大鼠的体质量升高(P<0.05),T_(3)、T_(4)、FT_(3)、FT_(4)、TRH、Tg、TPO、TSHR水平升高(P<0.05),TSH水平降低(P<0.05),GLB水平升高(P<0.05),TP、ALB水平以及A/G降低(P<0.05),GPT、GOT、Urea和Cr差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),甲状腺系数、甲状腺和肝肾组织形态无明显差异。玛咖对正常大鼠体质量、甲状腺系数、T_(3)、T_(4)、FT_(3)、FT_(4)、TSH、TRH、Tg、TPO和TSHR水平无影响(P>0.05)。结论:玛咖对甲状腺肿异常状态的甲状腺功能减退具有一定的治疗作用,对正常大鼠的甲状腺功能没有不良影响,且未发现玛咖对甲状腺肿大鼠的安全性问题。

Objective:To explore the regulatory effects of the new exotic herbal medicine Maca on thyroid function in normal rats and rats with thyroid enlargement and observe its safety.Methods:Female Wistar rats were used to investigate the regulatory effects and safety of Maca on thyroid function in rats with thyroid enlargement.They were randomly divided using a random number table into control group,model group,positive drug group,high-dose Maca group,and low-dose Maca group.A thyroid enlargement model was induced by orally administering propylthiouracil(PTU)for 4 weeks.The positive drug group,high-dose Maca group,and low-dose Maca group received corresponding drugs.Thyroid tissue morphology,thyroid coefficient,thyroid hormone synthesis,regulation,liver and kidney tissue morphology,and liver and kidney function-related indicators were observed.Additionally,female Wistar rats were used to investigate the regulatory effects of Maca on thyroid function in normal rats,and they were randomly divided into a control group and four Maca groups with different doses.Except for the control group,the other four groups received corresponding drugs.Thyroid coefficients were statistically calculated and related indicators of thyroid hormone synthesis and regulation were measured.Results:Compared with the model group,rats in the Maca groups showed increased body weight(P<0.05),increased levels of T_(3),T_(4),FT_(3),FT_(4),TRH,Tg,TPO,TSHR(P<0.05),decreased TSH levels(P<0.05),increased GLB levels(P<0.05),and decreased TP,ALB levels,and A/G ratio(P<0.05).Differences in GPT,GOT,Urea,and Cr were not statistically significant(P>0.05).There were no significant differences in thyroid coefficient or morphology of thyroid,liver,and kidney tissues.Maca had no significant effect on body weight,thyroid coefficient,T_(3),T_(4),FT_(3),FT_(4),TSH,TRH,Tg,TPO,and TSHR levels in normal rats(P>0.05).Conclusion:Maca has a certain therapeutic effect on thyroid hypofunction in rats with thyroid enlargement,without adverse effects on thyroid function in normal rats.The safety of Maca in rats with thyroid enlargement was also not observed.