肿瘤科护士安宁疗护自评实践现状及影响因素分析

Status quo and influencing factors of palliative care self-report practice among oncology nurses

目的:探讨肿瘤科护士安宁疗护自评实践现状并分析其影响因素,为提高肿瘤科护士安宁疗护实践水平提供参考和方向。方法:本研究为横断面研究。采用便利抽样法,于2022年6—12月选取杭州市4所医院的349名肿瘤科护士为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、安宁疗护自评实践量表(PCPS)及安宁疗护知识问卷对护士进行调查。采用Pearson相关分析探讨肿瘤科护士PCPS得分与安宁疗护知识问卷得分的相关性;采用多重线性回归分析肿瘤科护士安宁疗护自评实践的影响因素。结果:本研究共发放问卷349份,回收有效问卷332份,问卷有效回收率为95.13%(332/349)。332名肿瘤科护士PCPS总分为(42.16±4.52)分;6个维度中条目均分最高的是呼吸困难维度,得分为(2.85±0.54)分,最低的是沟通维度,得分为(2.03±0.54)分;肿瘤科护士PCPS得分与安宁疗护知识问卷得分呈正相关( P<0.01);多重线性回归分析显示,工作年限、对安宁疗护的态度、对安宁疗护是否了解、安宁疗护知识问卷总分是肿瘤科护士安宁疗护自评实践的影响因素( P<0.01),可解释总变异的66.30%。 结论:肿瘤科护士安宁疗护自评实践处于中等水平,且受多方面因素的影响。医院领导者应提供以提高安宁疗护实践为前提的个体化、多元化安宁疗护教育培训,多途径、多层次提升护士安宁疗护相关知识的掌握与临床技能的熟练,进而提升安宁疗护服务质量和患者满意度。

Objective To explore the status quo and influencing factors of palliative care self-report practice among oncology nurses and provide references and directions for improving the palliative care practice of oncology nurses.Methods This is a cross-sectional study.Totally 349 oncology nurses from four hospitals in Hangzhou were selected by convenience sampling from June to December 2022.Data were collected using a general information questionnaire,the Palliative Care Self-Report Practice Scale(PCPS),and the Palliative Care Knowledge Questionnaire.Pearson correlation analysis was used to explore the relationship between PCPS scores and palliative care knowledge scores among oncology nurses.Multiple linear regression analysis was employed to identify the influencing factors of palliative care self-report practice.Results A total of 349 questionnaires were distributed,with 332 valid responses,resulting in an effective response rate of 95.13%(332/349).The total PCPS score among the 332 oncology nurses was(42.16±4.52).Among the six dimensions,the dyspnea dimension had the highest average item score of(2.85±0.54),while the communication dimension had the lowest average item score of(2.03±0.54).There was a positive correlation between PCPS scores and palliative care knowledge scores(P<0.01).Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that years of work experience,attitude towards palliative care,understanding of palliative care,and palliative care knowledge scores were influencing factors of palliative care self-report practice among oncology nurses(P<0.01),accounting for 66.30%of the total variance.Conclusions The palliative care self-report practice of oncology nurses is at a moderate level and is influenced by various factors.Hospital leaders should provide individualized and diversified palliative care education and training aimed at improving palliative care practices.This should involve multiple approaches and levels to enhance the nurses'mastery of palliative care knowledge and clinical skills,thereby improving the quality of palliative care services and patient satisfaction.