孕妇口腔保健健康教育的范围综述

Oral health education for pregnant women:a scoping review

目的:总结孕妇口腔保健健康教育的相关研究。方法:遵循范围综述的研究方法对文献进行描述分析,计算机检索PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、中国知网、万方数据库等7个数据库,检索时限为建库至2023年10月30日。结果:共纳入43篇文献。健康教育的实施者主要为口腔专业人员和产前保健人员;理论基础包括健康信念模型、计划行为理论、社会认知理论等;方式包括传统授课或讲座、以家庭为中心、以互联网为载体、动机性访谈;内容涉及孕妇口腔保健多个方面;效果评价指标主要包括孕产妇口腔健康知-信-行水平及自我效能、口腔健康信念、口腔健康状态、口腔疾病患病率、不良妊娠结局及子女患龋率。结论:应建立口腔科与妇产科合作团队,将孕妇口腔保健纳入产前保健项目,充分利用孕妇学校平台,探索孕妇口腔保健健康教育的最优理论基础,完善孕妇口腔保健健康教育的内容;同时,通过开展高质量孕妇口腔健康教育的随访研究,促进母婴的口腔及整体健康。

Objective To summarize the research on oral health education for pregnant women.Methods The literature was described and analyzed using a scoping review method.Seven databases,such as PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,and WanFang Data,were electronically searched,and the search period was from database establishment to October 30,2023.Results A total of 43 articles were included.The implementers of health education were mainly dental professionals and prenatal healthcare personnel.The theoretical basis included the health belief model,planned behavior theory,social cognitive model and so on.The methods involved traditional teaching or lectures,family-centered,internet-based,and motivational interviews.The contents contained many aspects of oral health for pregnant women.The evaluation indicators mainly covered oral health knowledge,attitude and practice,and self-efficacy,oral health beliefs,oral health status,the incidence of oral diseases,adverse pregnancy outcomes of pregnant and postpartum women,and childhood caries incidence.Conclusions We should establish a cooperation team of the Department of Stomatology and Obstetrics and Gynecology,incorporate oral health for pregnant women into prenatal care projects,fully utilize the platform of pregnant women's schools,explore the optimal theoretical basis for oral health education,and improve the content of oral health education for pregnant women.