机器人在管道提升式深海采矿系统中智能化的挑战与发展趋势

Challenges and development trend of intelligent robot in pipe lifting deep sea mining system

近年来对深海矿物资源的开采需求逐步增大,为了解决传统的管道提升式采矿系统的缺陷,提出将智能化机器人引入来实现高效、精准的矿物采集和结构物的健康监测。但由于深海环境复杂,与陆地上机器人相比,水下机器人的设计需要考虑海洋带来的阻力、噪声等多方面的影响。从水动力学、水下定位和水下视觉3个方面介绍了管道提升式深海采矿系统中采矿机器人的发展与技术难点,概述了机器人管道检测技术。探讨了深海资源开采水下机器人的技术发展方向。

In recent years,the demand for deep-sea mineral resources has gradually increased.In order to solve the shortcomings of traditional pipe lifting mining system,intelligent robots are proposed to realize efficient and accurate mineral collection and health monitoring of the structure.However,due to the complexity of the deep-sea environment,compared with robots on land,the design of underwater robots needs to take into account the effects of resistance,noise,and other aspects brought by the ocean.This paper introduces the development and technical difficulties of mining robots in pipe-lifting deep-sea mining systems from three aspects:hydrodynamics,underwater localization,and underwater vision.Meanwhile,it provides an overview of robotic pipeline inspection technology.On this basis,this paper discusses the technological development direction of underwater robots for deep-sea resource mining.