基于无人机摄影测量的边坡变形监测

Research on Slope Deformation Monitoring Based on UAV Photogrammetry

边坡监测是指导边坡稳定性分析的重要手段之一。针对传统航线在边坡采集中容易造成重叠度不一致、精度较低等弊端,研究适用于规则边坡的精细模型航线,利用该航线可以使实验边坡三维模型平均地面分辨率达到毫米级,能够清晰分辨并量测边坡上的缝隙。实验结果表明:边坡模型上可以直观地发现毫米级缝隙,通过在模型上几处缝隙的测量宽度与实际测量结果对比,长度小于等于1 mm的误差占83.3%,缝隙宽度测量平均误差为0.95 mm,测量结果精度较高。DEM叠加分析可以反映坡面整体变化情况,是传统监测方法的有力补充。

Slope monitoring is one of the important means to guide slope stability analysis.In response to the draw⁃backs of traditional routes in slope collection such as inconsistent overlap and low accuracy,a fine model route suit⁃able for regular slopes is studied.By this route,the average ground resolution of the 3D model of the experimental slope can reach the millimeter level,and gaps on the slope can be clearly distinguished and measured.Experimental results show that millimeter-level gaps can be intuitively observed on the slope model,and that by comparing the measuring width of several gaps on the model with actual measurement results,the length error of less than or equal to 1 mm accounts for 83.3%,and the average error of gap width measurement is 0.95 mm,indicating high measure⁃ment accuracy.DEM overlay analysis can reflect the overall changes of the slope surface,which is a beneficial supplement to traditional monitoring methods.