慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者呼吸困难信念影响因素及其与疾病不确定感、疾病感知的相关性

Influencing Factors of Dyspnea Belief in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Its Correlation with Illness Uncertainty and Illness Perception

目的分析慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者呼吸困难信念影响因素及其与疾病不确定感、疾病感知的相关性。方法将2021年10月至2022年10月在郑州大学第一附属医院就诊的76例COPD患者纳入研究,收集患者一般资料,使用呼吸困难信念问卷(BBQ)评估患者呼吸困难信念水平,使用改良呼吸困难指数(mMRC)评估患者呼吸困难程度,使用疾病不确定感量表(MUIS)评估患者疾病不确定感水平,使用简易疾病感知问卷(BIPQ)评估患者疾病感知水平。采用单因素分析、多元线性回归分析法分析影响COPD患者呼吸困难信念水平的相关因素;使用Pearson相关性分析法分析COPD患者BBQ评分与MUIS、BIPQ评分的相关性。结果病程、居住地、人均月收入、疾病分期、2 a内因COPD入院次数、呼吸困难程度的COPD患者BBQ评分的独立危险因素(P<0.05);COPD患者BBQ评分与MUIS、BIPQ评分均呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论病程、居住地、人均月收入、疾病分期、2 a内因COPD入院次数、呼吸困难程度是COPD患者呼吸困难信念水平的独立危险因素,且COPD患者呼吸困难信念与其疾病不确定感、疾病感知均亦存在一定关系,加强针对性护理干预对减轻COPD患者呼吸困难信念水平有积极帮助。

Objective To analyze the influencing factors of dyspnea belief in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)and its correlation with illness uncertainty and illness perception.Methods A total of 76 COPD patients admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from October 2021 to October 2022 were included in the study.The general information of patients was collected.The breathlessness beliefs questionnaire(BBQ)was used to evaluate the dyspnea belief level of patients,the modified medical research council(mMRC)was used to evaluate the degree of respiratory distress,and the illness uncertainty level of patients was evaluated by Mishel’s uncertainty in illness scale(MUIS).Brief illness perception questionnaire(BIPQ)was used to evaluate the illness perception of patients.Single factor analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were used to analyze the related factors affecting the dyspnea belief level of COPD patients.Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between BBQ scores and MUIS,BIPQ scores in COPD patients.Results The course of disease,place of residence,per capita income,disease stage,number of hospital admissions due to COPD within 2 years,and degree of dyspnea were the independent risk factors for BBQ score in COPD patients(P<0.05).The BBQ scores of COPD patients were positively correlated with MUIS and BIPQ scores(P<0.05).Conclusion The course of disease,place of residence,per capita income,disease stage,number of hospitalization due to COPD within 2 years,and the degree of dyspnea were the independent risk factors of dyspnea belief in COPD patients,and there was a certain relationship between dyspnea belief and disease uncertainty and disease perception in COPD patients,strengthening targeted nursing intervention has positive help to reduce the dyspnea belief level of COPD patients.