极端暴雨天气对矿井水文地质条件的影响分析--以梁北矿防治水工作为例

Analysis of influence of extreme rainstorm weather on mine hydrogeological conditions:Taking water prevention and control work of Liangbei Mine as an example

极端暴雨天气不仅给矿井汛期防治水害造成巨大压力,随之引发的区域水文循环过程的改变,也造成暴雨后一段时期内矿井水文地质条件异常,使得煤层开采过程中水害威胁程度远远大于其他灾害,对水害防治工作产生持续影响。以梁北矿防治水工作为例,通过矿井综合精准物探结果、钻孔水文观测记录和数值模拟,初步分析了极端暴雨后对矿井水的耦合影响。首先,矿井水文观测井水位明显升高,且综合矿井地球物理方法探测亦表明矿井煤层底板深中浅不同含水层的富水空间分布更加复杂;其次,地表水经裂隙向下渗透,导致矿井地下水位面升高,鉴于含水层具有较强的非均质性,不同钻孔所揭露的岩溶裂隙空间体存在出水量大小不一、水压大小分布差异较大的情况,矿井水文地质条件愈加复杂;最后,进一步的数值模拟分析表明,极端暴雨后的地表水会补充至矿井含水层,导致矿井底板的水量和水压增加,但随着时间的推移将逐渐趋于新的平衡。

Extreme rainstorm weather not only causes great pressure on mine flood prevention and control of water damage,but also changes the regional hydrological cycle process caused by extreme rainstorm.It also causes abnormal mine hydrogeological conditions in the period after rainstorm,making the threat of water damage far greater than other disasters during coal seam mining,and has a continuous impact on the prevention and control of water disasters.Taking the water prevention and control work of Liangbei Mine as an example,the coupling effect of extreme rainstorm on mine water was preliminarily analyzed through comprehensive accurate geophysical prospecting results,borehole hydrological observation records and numerical simulation.First of all,the water level of the mine hydrological observation well increased significantly,and the comprehensive geophysical methods of the mine also showed that the spatial distribution of rich water in different aquifers of the deep,medium,and shallow coal seam floor was more complex;secondly,surface water penetrated down through cracks,resulting in the rise of mine groundwater level.In view of the strong heterogeneity of aquifer,the karst fissure spaces exposed by different boreholes exhibit varying sizes of water output and significant differences in water pressure distribution,leading to increasingly complex hydrogeological conditions in mines;finally,the further numerical simulation analysis showed that the surface water after the extreme rainstorm was supplemented to the mine aquifer water,resulting in an increase in the water volume and water pressure of the mine floor,but it would gradually tend to a new balance over time.