初中生校园自然环境感知和锻炼认同与锻炼行为的关联

Aassociation of school natural environment perception, exercise identification and exercise behavior among junior high school students

目的分析初中生校园自然环境感知、锻炼认同与其锻炼行为的关系,为促进和改善初中生锻炼行为提供参考。方法于2023年3—6月,采用方便抽样和分层整群随机抽样相结合的方法从江苏、安徽、江西、吉林、河南5个省抽取607名初中生进行为期3个月、两阶段的纵向追踪调查(T1:2023年3月,T2:2023年6月),采用校园自然环境感知量表、锻炼认同量表和体育活动等级量表进行评估。采用相关性分析和构建交叉滞后模型探讨初中生校园自然环境感知和锻炼认同与锻炼行为的关联。结果T1和T2时初中生的校园自然环境感知、锻炼认同与锻炼行为之间两两均呈正相关(r=0.04~0.61,P值均<0.01)。交叉滞后分析显示,T1校园自然环境感知可以预测T2锻炼认同(β=0.22)和T2锻炼行为(β=0.18),T1锻炼认同可以预测T2校园自然环境感知(β=0.18)及T2锻炼行为(β=0.19)(P值均<0.01);而T1锻炼行为对T2校园自然环境感知(β=0.03)和T2时锻炼认同(β=0.03)的影响均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。结论初中生校园自然环境感知及锻炼认同均是锻炼行为的原因变量,且校园自然环境感知与其锻炼认同具备交互效应。

Objective To analyze the relationship of school natural environment perception,exercise identification and exercise behavior,so as to provide references for promoting and improving exercise behavior among junior high school student.Methods A total of 607 junior high school students were selected from Jiangsu,Anhui,Jiangxi,Jilin and Henan provinces by adopting a combination of convenience sampling and stratified cluster random sampling methods,and a longitudinal tracking survey was conducted over a three-month period in two stages(T1:March 2023,T2:June 2023),from March to June 2023.Assessment was carried out by using School Natural Environment Perception Scale,Physical Exercise identification Scale and Physical Activity Rating Scale.The associations of school natural environment perception,exercise identification and exercise behavior were explored using correlation analysis and the cross-lagged model.Results For the junior high school students during T1 and T2 periods,there were positive correlations between the two of school natural environment perception,exercise identification and exercise behavior(r=0.04-0.61,P<0.01).The cross-lagged analysis revealed that school natural environment perception in T1 period significantly predicted exercise identification(β=0.22,P<0.01)and exercise behavior(β=0.18,P<0.01)in T2 period.Moreover,the exercise identification in T1 period significantly predicted school natural environment perception(β=0.18,P<0.01)and exercise behavior in T2 period(β=0.19,P<0.01).However,the effects of exercise behavior on the school natural environment perception(β=0.03)and exercise identification(β=0.03)were not statistically significant(P>0.05).Conclusions For the junior high school students,school natural environment perception and exercise identification are the cause variables of the exercise behavior.Moreover,school natural environment perception and exercise identification have an interactive effect.