茶饮团体心理辅导改善大学生心理健康状况效果

Effect of group counseling integrating tea-drinking on mental health improvement of college students

目的 探讨茶饮团体心理辅导对大学生抑郁、社交回避及苦恼、应对方式、自尊的干预效果,为促进学生心理健康发展提供参考依据。方法 2021年3—6月,采用方便抽样方法从南京市某高校通过海报方式招募46名大学生进行干预研究,干预组、对照组各23名学生,辅导时间为每周2.5 h,共6周。干预组运用茶类知识讲解、观察学习、具身体验、情绪表达、人际互助与情感支持、文化礼俗与生活融入等整合式“茶饮冲泡体验”的团体辅导方式进行两期辅导;对照组在干预结束后进行一次茶饮团体心理辅导。采用Wilcoxon差异性检验和Mann-Whitney U检验分别进行组内和组间的比较,采用χ^(2)检验进行抑郁检出率的比较。结果 干预前干预组和对照组在积极应对、消极应对、自尊、社交回避及苦恼得分差异均无统计学意义(Z值分别为-1.20,-0.33,-0.35,1.31,P值均>0.05)。干预后干预组和对照组在积极应对方式、自尊和社交回避及苦恼3个方面(27.70±5.60,22.05±4.30;30.52±3.63,28.27±4.06;7.43±7.38,13.64±6.79)差异均有统计学意义(Z值分别为-3.31,-2.10,3.22,P值均<0.05)。干预组干预前后社交回避及苦恼得分(11.96±7.47,7.43±7.38)差异有统计学意义(Z=-2.88),抑郁检出率(60.9%,30.4%)下降(χ^(2)=4.29)(P值均<0.05);对照组干预前后积极应对、消极应对、自尊、社交回避及苦恼得分、抑郁检出率差异均无统计学意义(Z/χ^(2)值分别为-0.28,-0.42,-1.24,-1.25;1.39,P值均>0.05)。1年后的追踪结果显示,干预组和对照组在社交回避及苦恼得分(6.57±6.21,14.16±9.22)、抑郁检出率(21.7%,52.2%)差异均有统计学意义(Z/χ^(2)值分别为2.70,4.57,P值均<0.05)。结论 茶饮团体心理辅导能改善大学生人际交往与情绪状态,自尊水平和应对方式。可通过茶饮团体心理辅导改善大学生心理健康状况。

Objective To explore the intervention effect of group counseling integrating tea-drinking on depression,social avoidance and distress,coping styles and self-esteem among college students,so as to provide references for promoting the psychological health of students.Methods From March to June 2021,a convenience sampling method was used to recruit 46 college students from a university in Nanjing for intervention project.There were 23 students in intervention group and control group,respectively.The intervention was conducted for 2.5 hours per week across a 6 week period.The intervention group received two sessions of group counseling that incorporated tea-drinking experience,and the sessions involved tea knowledge explanation,observation and learning,embodied experience,emotional expression,interpersonal assistance and emotional support,cultural customs and life integration.After the intervention was completed,the control group received one-time group counseling that integrated tea-drinking.The Wilcoxon difference test and Mann-Whitney U test were performed to compare the scores of each scale within and between the groups,and theχ^(2) test was used to compare the detection rates.Results There were no statistically significant differences in the scores of positive coping,negative coping,self-esteem,social avoidance and distress between the intervention group and the control group(Z=-1.20,-0.33,-0.35,1.31,P>0.05).There were statistically significant differences in positive coping styles,self-esteem,social avoidance and distress between the intervention group and the control group after the intervention(27.70±5.60,22.05±4.30;30.52±3.63,28.27±4.06;7.43±7.38,13.64±6.79)(Z=-3.31,-2.10,3.22,P<0.05).The intervention group showed statistically significant differences in social avoidance and distress scores before and after the intervention(11.96±7.47,7.43±7.38)(Z=-2.88),and the depression detection rate decreased(60.9%,30.4%)(χ^(2)=4.29)(P<0.05).There were no statistically significant differences in positive coping,negative coping,self-esteem,social avoidance and distress scores,and depression detection rate between the control group before and after the intervention(Z/χ^(2)=-0.28,-0.42,-1.24,-1.25;1.39,P>0.05).The follow-up results 1-year later showed that there was a statistically significant difference in social avoidance and distress(6.57±6.21,14.16±9.22),and in the detection rates of depression(21.7%,52.2%)between the intervention group and the control group(Z/χ^(2)=2.70,4.57,P<0.05).Conclusions Group counseling integrating tea-drinking could improve interpersonal relationships,emotional states,self-esteem levels and coping strategies among college students.Group psychological counseling that incorporates tea-drinking can be adopted to improve the mental health status of college students.