茶叶生物转硒研究进展

Research progress on biotransformation of selenium in tea

通过生物转硒方式提高茶叶中的硒含量,对于中国茶叶产业提质增效、改善人类对硒“隐性饥饿”问题具有重要意义。从土壤和茶叶中硒的含量及形态、有关硒的技术标准、茶叶生物转硒技术等方面系统梳理了已有文献;概况了茶叶的人工增硒方法,主要包括土壤施硒肥、叶面喷施硒肥、应用纳米硒技术、利用微生物富硒、采用转基因富硒技术等;最后对该领域的研究进行了初步的展望与思考,未来需要在利用数量性状位点等研究方法探索茶树对硒的吸收、转化和积累机制,探索制备纳米硒的新方法,加强富硒茶叶标准化体系建设等方面开展深入研究。

Increasing the selenium content in tea by biotransformation was of great significance for improving the quality and efficiency of Chinese tea industry and improving the“hidden hunger”of human beings for selenium.The existing literature was systematically combed from the aspects of the content and forms of selenium in soil and tea,the technical standards related to selenium,and the tech-nology of biotransformation of selenium in tea.The artificial selenium enrichment methods of tea were summarized,including applica-tion of selenium fertilizer in soil,foliar spraying of selenium fertilizer,application of nano-selenium technology,application of micro-bial selenium enrichment,and transgenic selenium enrichment technology,etc.Finally,a preliminary prospect and reflection on the research in this field was made.In the future,it was necessary to use quantitative trait loci and other research methods to explore the absorption,transformation and accumulation mechanism of selenium in tea trees,explore new methods for preparing nano-selenium,and strengthen the standardization system construction of selenium-enriched tea.