1985—2020年太行山区生态系统服务价值与土地利用时空变化的关系

The relationship between ecosystem services value and spatial and temporal changes of land use in Taihang Mountains from 1985 to 2020

基于1985—2020年太行山区土地利用数据,对太行山区土地利用时空变化进行分析;结合经济统计数据,采用当量因子法对太行山区生态系统服务价值进行评估并对其时空特征进行分析;运用灰色关联度法探究生态系统服务价值与土地利用类型变化的关系。结果表明,1985—2020年太行山区的优势土地利用类型发生转变,1985年的优势土地利用类型是草地,2020年优势土地利用类型转为耕地、草地和林地;1985—2020年太行山区生态系统服务价值呈下降趋势,共计减少190.57亿元,其中草地生态系统服务价值减少543.67亿元;在空间分布上,太行山区的生态系统服务价值呈“中部高,四周低”的空间分布特征,太行山区中部高海拔地区生态系统服务价值高,四周边缘低海拔地区生态系统服务价值相对较低;太行山区各土地利用类型与生态系统服务总值的灰色关联度表现为林地>耕地>草地>未利用地>湿地>水体,其中林地、耕地和草地与生态系统服务总值的灰色关联度分别为0.84、0.83和0.82,远大于其他3种土地利用类型,说明生态系统服务价值受林地、耕地和草地的影响较大。政府相关部门要切实保护好基本农田,提高研究区耕地质量并加强森林保育工作,构建优良生态环境,建立良好的区域生态环境治理补偿机制。

The spatial and temporal changes of land use in the Taihang Mountains were analyzed based on the land use data from 1985 to 2020.Based on the economic statistical data,the value of ecosystem services in the Taihang Mountains was evaluated,and its spa-tial and temporal characteristics were analyzed by the equivalent factor method.The relationship between ecosystem service value and land use type change was explored by the grey correlation method.The results showed that the dominant land use type in Taihang Mountains area shifted from 1985 to 2020,the dominant land use type in 1985 was grassland,and the dominant land use types in 2020 were arable land,grassland and forest land,respectively.From 1985 to 2020,the value of ecosystem services in the Taihang Mountains showed a decreasing trend,with a total decrease of 19.057 billion yuan,including a reduction of 54.367 billion yuan in the value of grassland ecosystem services.In terms of spatial distribution,the value of ecosystem services in the Taihang Mountains showed a spatial distribution characteristic of“high in the middle and low around”,with high value of ecosystem services in the central high-altitude areas of Taihang Mountains and relatively low value of ecosystem services in the surrounding low-altitude areas.The grey correlation degree between each land use type and the total value of ecosystem services in Taihang Mountain area from small to large was forest land,cultivated land,grassland,unused land,wetland and water body,and the grey correlation degree of the three former was 0.84,0.83 and 0.82 respectively,which was much larger than that of the other three land use types,indicating that the value of ecosystem services was most affected by forest land,cultivated land and grassland.Relevant government departments should effective-ly protect basic farmland and improve the quality of arable land in the study area,strengthen the conservation of forests in the study ar-ea,build an excellent ecological environment,and establish a good compensation mechanism for regional ecological and environmen-tal management.