外科手术患者发生手术部位感染的病原菌构成及影响因素分析

Analysis of Pathogenic Bacteria Composition and Influencing Factors of Surgical Site Infection in Surgical Patients

目的:分析外科手术患者发生手术部位感染的病原菌构成及影响因素。方法:选取2020年1月—2022年12月于枝江市人民医院行外科手术的患者202例作为研究对象,根据是否发生手术部位感染分为感染组(n=67)与非感染组(n=135)。收集患者临床资料,分析外科手术患者发生手术部位感染的病原菌构成及影响因素。结果:67例手术部位感染患者病原菌构成前三位分别为金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌、铜绿假单胞菌。年龄、体质量、切口种类、术前使用抗菌药物、手术时间、住院时间、切口长度是外科手术患者发生手术部位感染的影响因素,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。年龄≥60岁、体质量≥70 kg、Ⅲ类切口、术前未使用抗菌药物、手术时间≥1.5 h、住院时间≥12 d、切口长度≥8 cm是外科手术患者发生手术部位感染的独立影响因素(P<0.001)。结论:外科手术患者发生手术部位感染主要病原菌是金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌、铜绿假单胞菌,临床应针对影响因素采取针对性的应对措施,预防手术部位感染。

Objective:To analyze the pathogenic bacteria composition and influencing factors of surgical site infection in surgical patients.Methods:A total of two hundred and two patients who underwent surgical operations in Zhijiang People's Hospital from January 2020 to December 2022 were selected as the study objects,and divided into infected group(n=67)and non-infected group(n=135)according to whether surgical site infection occurred.Clinical data were collected to analyze the pathogenic bacteria composition and influencing factors of surgical site infection in surgical patients.Results:The top three pathogenic bacteria in 67 patients with surgical site infection were Staphylococcus aureus,Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa;age,body weight,type of incision,preoperative use of antibiotics,operation time,hospital stay and incision length were the influencing factors for the occurrence of surgical site infection in surgical patients,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05);age≥60 years old,body weight≥70 kg,type Ⅲ incision,no antibiotics used before surgery,operation time≥1.5 h,hospital stay≥12 d,and incision length≥8 cm were independent influencing factors for surgical site infection(P<0.001).Conclusion:Staphylococcus aureus,Escherichia coli and pseudomonas aeruginosa are the main pathogens of surgical site infection in surgical patients.Clinical measures should be taken according to the influencing factors to prevent surgical site infection.