个性化髋关节假体设计及其生物力学性能研究

DESIGN AND BIOMECHANICAL PROPERTIES STUDY OF PERSONALIZED HIP JOINT PROSTHESIS

通用型髋关节假体和个人股骨匹配度不足,易导致应力遮挡率过大。为制备与个人股骨相匹配的髋关节假体,基于人体下肢电子计算机断层扫描(computed tomography,CT)数据,通过逆向工程技术建立股骨实体模型,利用提取的关键特征参数逆向建模,建立个性化髋关节假体模型,采用步态试验确定股骨受力情况,进行有限元分析和电测实验研究其生物力学性能。结果显示,在站立中期的步态载荷下个性化髋关节假体的应力遮挡率在7.64%~38.71%之间,通用型髋关节假体应力遮挡率在16.66%~49.32%之间。个性化髋关节假体可以减小应力遮挡率,可为髋关节假体研究人员提供参考。

The general-purpose hip prosthesis and the personal femur are not well matched,which can easily lead to excessive stress shielding rate.To prepare a hip joint prosthesis that matches the individual femur,based on the computed tomography(CT)data of human lower limbs,it was proposed to establish a femoral solid model by reverse engineering technology,to use the extracted key feature parameters reverse modeling,and to establish a personalized hip joint prosthesis model.Gait analysis was conducted to determine the load situation of the hip prosthesis,and finite element analysis and electrical measurement experiments were performed to study its biomechanical properties.The results show that the stress shielding rate of personalized hip prosthesis under gait loading in standing mid-term is between 7.64%~38.71%,and the stress shielding rate of standard hip prosthesis is between 16.66%~49.32%.Personalized hip prostheses can reduce stress shielding rates,which can provide a reference for hip prosthesis researchers.