二战遗产与战后日本对缅甸的外交

The Legacy of World War II and Japan’s Postwar Diplomacy towards Burma

二战后的日本外交建立在二战遗产的基础之上。二战遗产既有日本因为侵略伤害与后遗症对受害国所负的责任,还有日本在战时与各国建立的人际关系。在以日本旧军人铃木敬司、奥田重元和缅甸“三十志士”成员奈温为代表的两国“故交”协助下,战后日缅关系不但没有受困于日本侵略历史的束缚,反而经由战争赔偿与经济援助形成了友好关系。同时,日军在战时扶植“三十志士”的历史也愈发受到日本的注意,并成为日本政府处理对缅关系的重要参照。在此基础上,日本选择性记忆战时历史,构建了日本“帮助”缅甸独立的历史叙事,并据此提出日缅两国间存在“特殊关系”。“特殊关系论”不仅促使日本以援助缅甸为己任,还彰显出日本以偏概全、篡改侵略事实的企图。

Japan’s post-World War II diplomacy was shaped by the legacy of the war,which encompassed its responsibility towards victimized countries due to wartime damage and consequences,as well as the interpersonal relationships established during the conflict.Through the assistance of“old friends”like former Japanese soldiers Keiji Suzuki and Shigemoto Okuda,as well as Ne Win,a member of Burma’s“Thirty Comrades”,Japan-Burma relations after the War managed to transcend the constraints of Japan’s invasion history.This was achieved through war reparations and economic aid,fostering a friendly relationship between the two nations.Simultaneously,Japan’s involvement with the“Thirty Comrades”during the war attracted increasing attention,becoming a significant factor in Japan’s policy towards Burma.Building upon this foundation,Japan selectively remembered its wartime history and constructed a historical narrative that emphasized its support for Burma’s independence.This narrative propagated the notion of a“special relationship”between Japan and Burma,which not only fueled Japan’s sense of duty to assist Burma but also served as a means to distort the historical facts of Japan’s invasion.