和谐共生理念在动物保护立法中的实践——兼论中日动物保护的交流与互鉴

The Practice of the Concept of Harmonious Coexistence in Animal Protection Legislation——Also on Eexchanges and Mutual Learning Between China and Japan on Animal Protection

日本于19世纪20年代初开始进行系统性的动物保护立法,二战后,经过一系列法律修改与调整,形成了健全完备的动物保护立法体系。日本动物保护法律体系化呈现因时因事而制的法治动因、和谐共生原则的法治宗旨、系统监管机制的法治效力以及多元协同参与的法治效能的特点,对于我国各类动物保护立法具有一定的借鉴意义。质言之,我国尚未制定以尊重动物生命为目的的动物保护法律,现行动物保护法律法规面临着法律体系不健全、和谐共生理念不足、多元参与体系不完善等困境。鉴于此,借鉴日本动物保护立法的有益经验,立足我国国情,未来应从健全动物保护法律体系、动物保护立法目的彰显人与动物和谐共生理念、完善多元参与体系以及加强国家交流与合作等方面着手,希冀为我国完善动物保护法治有所助益。

Japan began systematic animal protection legislation in the early 1920s.After World WarⅡ,through a series of legal amendments and adjustments,a sound and complete animal protection legislation system was formed.The systemization of animal protection law in Japan presents the characteristics of the legal motivation of the rule of law based on the situation,the legal purpose of the principle of harmonious coexistence,the legal effectiveness of the system supervision mechanism and the legal effectiveness of the pluralistic collaborative participation.It has certain reference value for our legislation status quo of heavy wildlife protection and light non-wildlife protection.In summary,our country has not yet enacted animal protection laws for the purpose of respecting animal life.The current animal protection laws and regulations are faced with imperfect legal system,insufficient concept of harmonious coexistence and imperfect multi-participation system.In view of this,drawing on the beneficial experience of Japanese animal protection legislation and based on our national conditions,we should improve the legal system of animal protection,highlight the concept of harmonious coexistence between humans and animals,improve the multiple participation system and strengthen national exchange and cooperation in the future,and hope to improve the rule of law of animal protection in our country.