大宗工业物资运输运力配置优化方法的改进

Improvement of the Optimization Method for the Capacity Allocation of Bulk Industrial Materials Transportation

当考虑船舶在全球范围不同航区的航线上分派调遣时,由于不同航区间距离较长,船舶在不同航区之间调遣航行的时间也较长,而以往采用的在同一航区的不同航线上配置船舶的优化方法不能计入这种影响。为解决这一问题,首先设计了以调遣成本最小为目标的航区间船舶调遣策略,然后以总成本最小为目标,建立大宗工业物资运输运力配置的两阶段混合整数非线性优化模型。针对这一复杂的模型,设计了两阶段求解方法。与直接以总成本最小为目标的模型及对应算法相比,两阶段求解方法能够更加准确快速地求得最优解,且问题规模越大,优化效果越明显。研究结果表明,该两阶段优化方法对航运企业跨航区运力配置决策的制定具有更符合实际的应用价值。

When considering the dispatching of ships on routes in different navigation areas on a global scale,due to the long distance between different navigation areas,the time for ships to dispatch between different navigation areas is also long.However,the optimization method used in the past to allocate ships on different routes in the same navigation area cannot take into account this effect.In order to solve this problem,a ship dispatching strategy in different navigation areas is designed first with the goal of minimizing dispatch cost,and then with the goal of minimizing total cost,a two-stage mixed integer nonlinear optimization model of bulk industrial material transportation capacity allocation is built.Aiming at this complex model,a two-stage solution method is designed.Compared with models and corresponding algorithms that directly aim at minimizing the total cost,the two-stage solution method can obtain the optimal solution more accurately and quickly,and the larger the problem size,the more obvious the optimization effect.The research results show that the two-stage optimization method has more practical application value for the decision-making of shipping companies'capacity allocation in different navigation areas.