“成体”与“求新”:元祐文人尺牍的文学性书写

"Great Creation" and "Pursuit of Innovation":The LiteraryWriting of the Yuan-You Literati's Letters

元祐文人在尺牍创作中态度谨慎,技巧彰显,使其发展成为一种专门之学,推动训诂体书仪的生成;并借鉴古文章法,相互仿效,呈现出文体自觉的意识。他们的尺牍不仅与诗词及诗性之语互文,且融通诗、词、画等多种文体,堪兴诗思,可作诗材,还采用多种文学修辞方式,辞采极为风流。元祐文人废笺启、简公状,而以手简代之,其尺牍无虚礼、套语、吏牍体,展现出古今相通的人类情感。元祐文人尺牍中的文学性,不仅展现出日常生活诗意化的倾向,亦与宋诗日常化有所互动。这一成就与北宋儒学复兴之创新精神及在此熏陶下醇厚忠义的政治风尚息息相关。

The Yuan-You literati presents stylistic awareness in the composition of their letters.Their letters are a blend of many genres,using a variety of literary rhetoric,so the language is extremely elegant.The letters of Yuan-You literati are free of false rituals,set phrases and official style,showing the truth,sincerity and love of the ancient and modern times,as well as the vitality and personality of the literati.This achievement is closely related to the innovative spirit of the revival of Confucianism in the Northern Song Dynasty,as well as the mellow and loyal political style.