多泥沙河流立式轴流泵叶片磨损特性

Blade wear characteristics of vertical axial flow pump blades in muddy river flow

为探究多泥沙河流引水立式轴流泵的磨蚀问题,基于particle固液两相流模型与Tabakoff磨损模型,研究6个流量工况下5种泥沙粒径和5种含沙率组合的轴流泵装置内泥沙颗粒运动规律及其对轴流泵叶片磨损的影响.结果表明:流量变化对泥沙颗粒运动轨迹影响显著,小流量下泥沙颗粒向叶片工作面运动的趋势更为明显,叶片更容易被磨损,磨损位置主要在叶片进水边及叶片外缘;粒径变化对泥沙颗粒运动轨迹影响也较为显著,大粒径泥沙颗粒更容易撞向叶片工作面而加重磨损,含沙率为0.05,粒径从0.01 mm增大到1 mm时,叶片最大磨损率从0.001 kg·m^(-2)·s^(-1)增加到0.0244 kg·m^(-2)·s^(-1);含沙率变化对泥沙颗粒运动轨迹影响较小,但泥沙浓度增加会加重磨损,粒径为0.5 mm,含沙率从0.01增加到0.2时,叶片最大磨损率从0.0018 kg·m^(-2)·s^(-1)增加到0.061 kg·m^(-2)·s^(-1);叶片磨损强度和叶片磨损面积均与泥沙粒径和含沙率呈正相关,粒径和含沙率越大,叶片受到的磨损强度及磨损面积越大.

In order to investigate the abrasion problem of vertical axial flow pumps for water diversion in a river with heavy sediment,based on the particle solid-liquid two-phase flow model and Tabakoff wear model,the movement law of sediment particles in the axial flow pump device with 5 combinations of sediment particle sizes and 5 combinations of sediment content under 6 flow conditions and their effects on the wear of axial flow pump blades are studied.The results show that the change of flow rate has a significant effect on the motion trajectory of sediment particles,and the movement trend of sediment particles towards the working face of the blade is more obvious at low flow rate,the blade is more easily worn,and the wear position is mainly at the water inlet edge and the outer edge of the blade.The change of particle size also has a significant effect on the motion trajectory of sediment particles.Large particle size sediment particles are more likely to hit the working surface of the blade and aggravate the wear.When the particle size increases from 0.0l mm to 1 mm,the maximum wear rate of the blade increases from 0.001 kg·m^(-2).s^(-1)to 0.0244 kg·m^(-2).s^(-1).The change of sediment content has little effect on the motion trajectory of sediment particles,but the increase of sediment content will aggravate the wear.When the sediment content increases from 0.01 to 0.2,the maximum wear rate of the blade increases from 0.0018 kg·m^(-2).s^(-1)to 0.061 kg·m^(-2).s^(-1).Both blade wear strength and blade wear area are positively correlated with particle size and sand content.The larger the particle size and sand content,the larger the wear strength and wear area of the blade.