实习护生社交焦虑和睡眠质量在手机依赖与安全行为间的中介调节作用

The mediating effect of social anxiety and sleep quality on mobile phone addiction and safety behavior of nursing students

目的了解实习护生手机依赖、社交焦虑、睡眠质量、安全行为的现状及手机依赖对安全行为的影响, 为提升实习护生安全行为提供依据。方法采用整群抽样法, 于2023年3月1-20日抽取郑州大学第一附属医院的700名实习护生为调查对象, 采用一般资料调查表、手机依赖量表简化版、护士安全行为量表、交往焦虑量表、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数进行横断面调查。结果共回收有效问卷678份, 有效回收率为96.9%。678名实习护生中, 男87名, 女591名, 年龄(21.25 ± 1.16)岁。实习护生安全行为得分为(52.33 ± 7.31)分, 手机依赖得分为(28.21 ± 9.86)分, 社交焦虑得分为(41.92 ± 7.64)分, 睡眠质量得分为(4.56 ± 2.79)分。手机依赖对安全行为预测作用有统计学意义(β = - 0.178, P<0.01), 社交焦虑在手机依赖与安全行为间起中介效应, 间接效应占25.5%, 睡眠质量可缓冲社交焦虑对安全行为的影响(β = 0.022, P<0.05)。结论实习护生的安全行为较好, 存在一定程度的手机依赖和社交焦虑现象, 护理管理者及教育者可以通过对实习护士进行有效的手机管理、降低社交焦虑、提升睡眠质量, 从而提升实习护士安全行为, 保障患者安全。

Objective To investigate the status quo of mobile phone addiction,social anxiety,sleep quality,safe behavior and the influence of mobile phone addiction on safe behavior of nursing students in practice,so as to provide evidence for improving the safety behavior of nursing students in practice.Methods A total of 700 nursing students from The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from March 1 to 20,2023 were selected by cluster sampling method.A cross-sectional investigation was conducted using the general data questionnaire,the Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version,the Nurse Safety Behavior Scale,the Social Anxiety Scale and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index.Results A total of 678 valid questionnaires were collected,with an effective recovery rate of 96.9%.Among the 678 nursing students in practice,87 were male and 591 were female,aged(21.25±1.16)years old.The scores of safety behavior,mobile phone addiction,social anxiety and sleep quality of 678 nursing students were(52.33±7.31),(28.21±9.86),(41.92±7.64)and(4.56±2.79)respectively.Mobile phone addiction had a statistically significant effect on the prediction of safety behavior(β=-0.178,P<0.01).Social anxiety had an intermediate effect between mobile phone addiction and safety behavior,and the indirect effect accounted for 25.5%.Sleep quality could buffer the influence of social anxiety on safety behavior(β=0.022,P<0.05).Conclusions The safety behaviors of student nurses are good,and there are phenomena of mobile phone addiction and social anxiety.Nursing managers and educators can effectively manage the mobile phones of nursing studentsin practice,reduce their social anxiety and improve their sleep quality,so as to improve the safety behaviors of nursing students in practice and ensure the safety of patients.