论王阳明对《周易》感应思想的继承与创新

On Wang Yangming's Inheritance and Innovation of the Ganying Theory in the Yijing

感应思想是《周易》的核心内容,阳明继承其说并深化创新,从而构建了自己的哲学体系。就感应的要素而言,他以“心外无物”“心外无理”为基础,改变原有模式,建立了“物”在“心”内、“理”本即“心”的感应要素关系。就感应的发生而言,他通过事物的交往接触、自我的明觉省察、良知的应感生意描述了感应的实际发生过程。就感应的作用而言,他认为感应才能出真知,真知即为行;感应方能育万民,教化即感应,由此他提倡“诚意”“致良知”之教,以复“万物一体”之仁。所以,《周易》的感应思想可视为阳明心学的基石。阳明通过感应演绎了事物生生不息、君子去蔽明德的完整过程,为儒学的继承开新做出了巨大的贡献。

The concept of ganying感应(empathetic stimulus and response)is the core content of the Yijing,and Wang Yangming(1472-1529)inherited this theory,deepened and innovated it,thus constructing his own philosophical system.In terms of the elements of ganying,he changed the original pattern based on the concepts of“there is nothing outside the heart-mind”and“there is no meaning outside the heart-mind”and established a relationship between the elements of ganying where“things”are within the“heartmind”and“meaning”is originally“heart-mind”.In terms of the occurrence of ganying,he described its actual process by the interaction and contact of things,self-perception and introspection,and the generating response of conscience.In regard to the role of ganying,he believed that it is the key to true knowledge,and true knowledge is action exactly.Only through ganying can people be nurtured,and edification is a kind of ganying.Therefore,he advocates the teachings of“being sincere”and“striving for conscience”to restore the benevolence of“one unity of all things”.Thus,the thought of ganying in the Yijing can be regarded as the cornerstone of Wang Yangming's heart-mind theory.By deducing the complete process of things constantly producing and reproducing and the man of noble character removing the cover and manifesting virtues,Wang Yangming has made great contributions to the inheritance and development of Confucianism.