风险管理模式下的营养护理在妊娠期糖尿病患者中的应用效果

Application effects of nutritional nursing under risk management mode in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus

目的:观察风险管理模式下的营养护理在妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)患者中的应用效果。方法:选取2020—2022年该院收治的110例GDM患者进行前瞻性研究,按照随机数字表法将其分为对照组和观察组各55例。对照组实施常规护理,观察组在对照组基础上实施风险管理模式下的营养护理。比较两组护理前后血糖指标[空腹血糖(FPG)、餐后2 h血糖(2hPG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)]水平,孕期体质量增长水平,不良新生儿结局发生率,不良妊娠结局发生率,以及护理满意度。结果:护理后,观察组FPG、2hPG、HbA1c水平均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组孕期体质量增长水平低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组不良新生儿结局发生率为5.45%(3/55),低于对照组的23.64%(13/55),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组不良妊娠结局发生率为9.09%(5/55),低于对照组的25.45%(14/55),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组护理满意度为90.91%(50/55),高于对照组的70.91%(39/55),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:风险管理模式下的营养护理应用于GDM患者可降低血糖指标水平、不良新生儿结局发生率和不良妊娠结局发生率,改善孕期体质量增长水平,提高护理满意度,效果优于常规护理。

Objective:To observe application effects of nutritional nursing under risk management mode in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM).Methods:A prospective study was conducted on 110 GDM patients admitted to the hospital from 2020 to 2022.They were divided into control group and observation group according to the random number table method,55 cases in each.The control group was given routine nursing,while the observation group was given the nutritional nursing under risk management mode on the basis of that of the control group.The levels of blood glucose indexes[fasting blood glucose(FPG),2 h postprandial blood glucose(2hPG),glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c)],the weight gain during pregnancy,the incidence of adverse neonatal outcomes,the incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes,and the nursing satisfaction were compared between the two groups before and after the nursing.Results:After the nursing,the levels of FPG,2hPG and HbA1c in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The level of weight gain during pregnancy in the observation group was lower than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The incidence of adverse neonatal outcomes in the observation group was 5.45%(3/55),which was lower than 23.64%(13/55)in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes in the observation group was 9.09%(5/55),which was lower than 25.45%(14/55)in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Further,the nursing satisfaction of the observation group was 90.91%(50/55),which was higher than 70.91%(39/55)of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions:The nutritional nursing under risk management mode in the GDM patients can reduce the levels of blood glucose indexes,the incidence of adverse neonatal outcomes and the incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes,improve the weight gain during pregnancy,and improve the nursing satisfaction.Moreover,it is superior to the routine nursing.