运动干预对汉语发展性阅读障碍儿童阅读能力的影响

Effects of exercise intervention on reading abilities of children with Chinese developmental dyslexia

目的:探讨运动干预对汉语发展性阅读障碍(developmental dyslexia,DD)儿童阅读能力的影响。方法:从北京大学第六医院精神专科门诊招募确诊的27名DD儿童,随机分为DD运动干预组14名、DD对照组13名,按年龄相差不超过半岁标准募集14名儿童作为正常对照组。DD运动干预组在参加学校各项体育活动基础上进行8周针对动作发展水平的个性化运动干预,DD对照组和正常对照组维持日常身体活动且不进行除学校体育活动外的运动课程。采用《小学生识字量测试题库及评价量表》、一分钟读字、小学生阅读能力测评评估被试儿童的识字量、阅读流畅性和阅读理解能力。结果:(1)干预前,DD运动干预组和DD对照组识字量、阅读流畅性、阅读理解无显著性差异(P>0.05),且均低于正常对照(P<0.05)。(2)干预后,DD运动干预组识字量、阅读流畅性、阅读理解能力得分均显著提高(P<0.05),DD对照组识字量、阅读流畅性得分显著提高(P<0.05),正常对照组识字量、阅读理解能力得分显著提高(P<0.05)。DD运动干预组识字量、阅读流畅性得分和DD对照组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),均显著低于正常对照组(P<0.05),DD运动干预组阅读理解得分高于DD对照组(P<0.05),低于正常对照组(P<0.05)。结论:8周针对动作发展水平的个性化运动干预可加速提高汉语发展性阅读障碍儿童的阅读能力发展,尤其可有效提高其阅读理解能力。

Objective To explore the impact of exercise intervention on the reading abilities of children with Chinese developmental dyslexia(CDD).Methods Twenty-seven CDD children were recruited from patients of Peking University Sixth Hospital,and randomly divided into a CDD exercise intervention group of 14 and a CDD control group of 13.Another 14 age-matched normal children were selected into a normal control group.All groups kept daily physical activities in school,while the CDD exercise intervention group additionally underwent 8-week individualized gross and fine motor intervention.The literacy,reading fluency and reading comprehension of all groups were evaluated by using"Elementary School Students'Literacy Test and Evaluation Scale",one-minute word reading and elementary school students'reading ability assessment.Results Before the intervention,there were no significant differences between the exercise intervention and control groups in the literacy level,reading fluency,and reading comprehension(P>0.05),which were all significantly lower than the normal control group(P<0.05).However,after the intervention,significant improvement was observed in the average literacy level,reading fluency,and reading comprehension of the CDD exercise intervention group,and the literacy and reading fluency of the CDD control group,as well as the average literacy level and reading comprehension of the normal control group.Moreover,there were no significant differences between the CDD exercise intervention and control groups in the average literacy level and reading fluency score(P>0.05),both significantly lower than the normal control group(P<0.05).Meanwhile,the reading comprehension score of the CDD exercise intervention group was significantly higher than the CDD control group(P<0.05),but significantly lower than the normal control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Eight-week targeted gross and fine motor intervention can effectively improve reading ability of DD children,especially their reading comprehension.