中国沿边开发开放政策促进企业全要素生产率了吗

Has China’s Open-door Policy for Border Development Enhanced Total Factor Productivity of the Enterprises

沿边地区在“双循环”新发展格局中具有重要地位,发展新质生产力是推动沿边地区经济社会高质量发展的重要动力。文章使用2012~2020年上市公司样本,构建双重差分模型,探讨沿边开发开放政策对沿边企业全要素生产率的影响。研究发现:沿边开发开放政策显著促进了沿边企业的全要素生产率,主要通过扩大外商直接投资规模、增强基础设施建设以及提升人力资本水平等渠道提升企业全要素生产率。异质性检验进一步发现,沿边开发开放政策在市场分割程度高、地方保护水平较低的企业样本中其提升效应更为明显,并对市场竞争力较高的企业以及国有企业的提升作用更为显著。

The border regions play a significant role in the new development paradigm of “dual circulation” and the development of new quality productive forces is an important driving force for promoting the high-quality economic and social development of the border regions. Based on the sample of the listed companies from 2012 to 2020, this paper constructs a DID model to investigate the impact of open-door policy for border development on total factor productivity of border enterprises. The research shows that open-door policy for border development significantly promotes total factor productivity of border enterprises mainly through expanding the scale of foreign direct investment, strengthening infrastructure construction and improving the level of human capital. Heterogeneity test further reveals that open-door policy for border development has a more significant promotion effect on the sample of enterprises with a high degree of market segmentation and a lower level of local protection, and exerts a more significant promotion effect on the enterprises with higher market competitiveness and state-owned enterprises.