河南庙学沿革考

Research on the Reform of Confucian Temple School in Henan

河南地处中原,历史上有许多重要的王朝在此建都,因此,作为培育统治人才的官办学校相对其他地区来说也最为发达。自汉武帝“独尊儒术”之后,河南境内的各级官学便开始与主祀孔子的庙宇性建筑结缘,形成儒学发展史上独具特色的“庙学合一”教育景观,各级官学也多以“庙学”或“学庙”“文庙”相称。伴随王朝更替与社会变迁,河南庙学经历了从初创、兴盛、转型、复兴四个重要的历史时期,构成儒学在河南发展的一个缩影,在庙学发展史上更彰显出河南特色与气派,一部河南庙学史在一定程度上相当于半部中国庙学史。

Henan is located in the central plains,and many important dynasties have established capital here,so government-run schools here,which cultivate ruling talents,are also the most developed.Since Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty only respected Confucianism,all official schools in Henan began to form a unique educational landscape of the combination of temple and learning in the history of the Confucianism,and the official schools were also called temple school education.With the change of dynasties and society,Henan’s temple school has also experienced the periods of start-up,prosperity,transition and revival,which constitutes a microcosm of Confucianism development in Henan,and shows more Henan characteristics and style in the history of temple school.The history of Henan temple school is equivalent to half of that of Chinese temple school.