叶圣陶语文教材编写实践的分期、分类及特点

Period,Type and Characteristics of Ye Shengtao’s Chinese Textbook Compilation Practice

叶圣陶的语文教材编写实践来源于他的实践经验:一是语文教学的经验;二是文学写作的经验;三是期刊编辑的经验。叶圣陶编写语文教材的实践可以划分为四个阶段:基于生存的参与编写期;基于理想的主持编写期;基于大众的组织编写期;基于他人的指导编写期。叶圣陶语文教材的编写实践可以分为三种类型:编写语文课本、课外读本和整本书指导用书。课本的编写目的是提升学生的读写能力;课外读本的编写目的是为学生提供多样化的语言材料;整本书指导用书的编写目的是教给学生阅读的方法。叶圣陶语文教材的编写实践,可以根据从以人为本的目的观、举一反三的“例子说”、实践为主的方法论三个角度进行分析。

Ye Shengtao’s Chinese textbook compilation practice comes from his Chinese teaching experience,literary writing experience and periodical editing experience and can be divided into the period of participation for life,the period of hosting for ideal,the period of organizing for the public,and the period of guiding for others.The compilation can be divided into three types:compiling Chinese textbook,extra-curricular reading book and the guidebook whose purpose is to help students improve reading and writing ability,offer diverse language material,and teach students how to read respectively.His compilation practice can be analyzed from three perspectives:people-oriented view of purpose,example theory that draws inferences from one instance,and the methodology of disciplinary practice.