基于数据治理的中国征信市场准入监管制度研究

Research on China’s Credit Market Access Supervision SystemBased on Data Governance

征信市场准入监管作为实现征信市场数据治理目标的事前监管,应充分发挥维护市场秩序、保障征信数据安全流通和高效利用的制度价值。在中国市场化征信体系建设的进程中,征信市场准入监管的制度问题主要有三:征信市场筛选“合格者”和“最优者”的准入条件尚不明确,企业难以达到独立第三方的合规标准,以及征信数据权利的分配和行使机制尚不完善。此三类问题均可通过监管制度的合理设计予以缓解和解决。立足分级分类的监管思路,可从征信市场的数据治理层面优化主体资格管理制度,进而完善我国征信市场准入监管,包括在现阶段由政府统一根据征信数据的风险类型分类设置准入门槛、分级制定行为监管标准以及明确审慎地配置征信数据的各项权利。

As a prior supervision to achieve the goal of credit market data governance,credit market access supervision should give full play to the institutional value of maintaining market order,ensuring the safe circulation and efficient utilization of credit data.In the process of building China’s market-oriented credit investigation system,there are three main institutional problems in the supervision of credit market access:the access conditions for screening“the qualified”and“the best”in the credit market are not clear,enterprises are difficult to meet the compliance standards of independent third-party,and the distribution and exercise mechanism of credit investigation data rights is not perfect.These three kinds of problems can be alleviated and solved through the reasonable design of the regulatory system.Based on the regulatory idea of hierarchical classification,we can optimize the main qualification management system from the data governance level of the credit market,and then improve the access supervision of China’s credit market,including at this stage,the government uniformly sets the access threshold and the rights to formulate behavioral supervision standards at different levels and to allocate credit data clearly and prudently.