6个食用木薯品种(系)块根的品质评价

Quality Evaluation of Root Tubers of Six Edible Cassava Varieties(Lines)

【目的】为筛选适合食用推广的木薯品种(系)提供参考。【方法】对6个食用木薯品种(系)块根2020年和2021年的干物率、支链淀粉、直链淀粉、总淀粉、支链淀粉占比、可溶性糖、总黄酮、蛋白质、粗纤维、氢氰酸等指标进行测定,采用隶属函数法对木薯品质进行综合评价。【结果】6个食用木薯品种(系)块根各指标2020年和2021年的平均值分别为:干物率38.73%、支链淀粉含量56.94%、直链淀粉含量14.47%、总淀粉含量71.41%、支链淀粉占比79.68%、可溶性糖含量1.86%、总黄酮含量0.45%、蛋白质含量2.74%、粗纤维含量0.73%、氢氰酸含量39.63 mg/kg。干物率以SC9在2021年最高(43.04%);支链淀粉含量以GC49在2021年最高(64.78%);直链淀粉含量以GR891在2020年最高(18.23%);总淀粉含量以GC49在2021年最高(77.39%);支链淀粉占比以GC49在2020年最高(84.48%);可溶性糖含量以GC49在2021年最高(2.56%);总黄酮含量以PBC在2020年最高(0.87%);蛋白质含量以GR10在2021年最高(4.02%);粗纤维含量以GC49在2020年最高(0.88%);氢氰酸含量以SC9在2020年最低(32.59 mg/kg)。6个食用木薯品种(系)块根品质的2年平均隶属函数排序为:GC49(0.673)>GR10(0.671)>SC9(0.659)>GR891(0.447)>PBC(0.445)>801(0.306),其中品种(系)GC49、GR10和SC9的平均隶属函数大于0.65。【结论】品种(系)GC49、SC9和GR10具有较好的推广应用价值。

[Purpose]To provide a reference for screening suitable cassava varieties(lines) for edible promotion.[Methods]The dry matter percentage,amylopectin,amylose,total starch,amylopectin ratio,soluble sugar,flavonoid,protein,crude fiber,and formonitrile of roots of six edible cassava varieties(lines) were measured,and the cassava quality was comprehensively evaluated by the membership function method.[Results]The average of the roots of six edible cassava varieties(lines) from 2020 to 2021 showed that:dry matter percentage was 38.73%,amylopectin content was56.94%,amylose content was 14.47%,total starch content was 71.41%,amylopectin ratio was79.68%,soluble sugar content was 1.86%,flavonoid content was 0.45%,protein content was 2.74%,crude fiber content was 0.73%,and formonitrile content was 39.63 mg/kg.The dry matter percentage of roots of six edible cassava varieties(lines) was the highest in 2021 for SC9(43.04%);the amylopectin content was the highest in 2021 for GC49(64.78%);the amylose content was the highest in2020 for GR891(18.23%);the total starch content was the highest for GC49 in 2021(77.39%);the highest amylopectin ratio was for GC49 in 2020(84.48%);the highest soluble sugar content was in2021 for GC49(2.56%);total flavonoid content was the highest in 2020 for PBC(0.87%);protein content was the highest in 2021 for GR10(4.02%);crude fiber content was the highest in 2020 for GC49(0.88%);formonitrile content was the lowest in 2020 for SC9(32.59 mg/kg).The six edible cassava varieties(lines) were ranked in order of the average of the two-year affiliation function for root quality were GC49(0.673)>GR10(0.671)>SC9(0.659)>GR891(0.447)>PBC(0.445)>801(0.306),among which three varieties(lines) with the average membership function value over 0.65were GC49,GR10,and SC9.[Conclusion]Three varieties(lines) such as GC49,SC9 and GR10have better promotion and application value.