湖羊圈养的空间利用率优化方案研究

Optimization of Space Utilization of Hu Sheep Captivity

为提升湖羊规模化圈养养殖场的空间利用率,结合湖羊繁殖和育肥的特征,以及标准羊栏的规格与使用要求,任选连续生产条件下母羊生产的一个完整周期(229天)进行分析,以每日安排自然交配的母羊羊栏数量(或组数、羊只数量)和公羊数量为决策变量,根据繁殖期、育肥期等假设条件,寻找羊栏使用量与决策变量间的关系,建立羊栏使用数量、公羊与基础母羊配置比例、交配期所需种公羊羊栏量等约束条件。构建整数线性规划数学模型,获得可行的种公羊和基础母羊数量及羊栏使用方案,并进一步分析、验证、比较,确定连续生产条件下年化出栏羊只数量最大的生产计划及羊栏使用方案。

To increase the space utilization rate in captive farms of large-scale Hu sheep,a study is conducted based on the characteristics of reproduction and fattening of Hu sheep,as well as the specifications and user requirements of standard sheep pens.Any period of 229 consecutive days under the condition of continuous production is selected for the analysis with the number of ewe pens(or the number of groups,or the number of sheep)and the number of rams arranged for natural mating every day as the decision variables.According to the assumptions such as the breeding period and the fattening period,the relationship between the number of pens used and the decision variables are identified,and the constraints such as the number of pens used,the proportion of rams and basic ewes,and the number of breeding rams required during the mating period are established.Then a model of integer linear programming is built to obtain the numbers of breeding rams and basic ewes,and the feasible scheme of how to use pens.Through further analysis,verification and comparison,the production plan and the pen-using scheme aimied to achieve the largest annual number of sheep slaughtered under the condition of continuous production are determined.