辣木茎叶、籽、果荚营养成分及提取物抗氧化活性研究

Nutrient composition and antioxidant activities of extracts from Moringa stem leaves,seeds and fruit pods

以辣木茎叶、辣木籽、辣木果荚为原料,分析三种原料营养成分含量。以乙醇为提取溶剂,超声辅助法提取得到三种辣木粗提物,测定此三种辣木粗提物的总酚、类黄酮、可溶性糖的含量,以DPPH自由基、ABTS+自由基、羟自由基清除率以及亚铁还原能力等指标评价三种辣木提取物的体外抗氧化能力。结果表明:(1)辣木茎叶和辣木果荚的类黄酮、总酚、还原糖、碳水化合物、酸性洗涤纤维、中性洗涤纤维的含量明显高于辣木籽,辣木籽拥有较高的粗蛋白、粗脂肪含量;(2)辣木茎叶和辣木果荚粗提物的类黄酮和总酚含量明显高于辣木籽,辣木茎叶提取物的可溶性糖含量显著高于辣木籽和辣木果荚;(3)辣木茎叶粗提物表现出了较强的抗氧化活性。

Using Moringa stem leaves,Moringa seeds,and Moringa fruit pods as materials,the nutrient composition of the three materials was analyzed.Ethanol was used as the extraction solvent,and 3 kinds of Moringa crude extracts were obtained using ultrasound-assisted extraction.The total content of phenol,flavonoid and soluble sugar of these three Moringa crude extracts were evaluated.Furthermore,the in vitro antioxidant capacity of the 3 Moringa extracts was assessed by the scavenging activity of DPPH,ABTS and hydroxyl free radical,as well as their ferrous reduction ability.The results showed that:(1)the contents of flavonoids,total phenols,reducing sugars,carbohydrates,acid detergent fiber and neutral detergent fiber contents of Moringa stem leaves and Moringa fruit pods were significantly higher than those of Moringa seed,Moringa seeds exhibited higher crude protein and crude fat content.(2)The crude extracts from Moringa stem leaves and Moringa fruit pods had significantly higher flavonoid and total phenol contents compared to the Moringa seeds,and the Moringa stem leaves extract also showed a notably higher soluble sugar content than the Moringa seed and Moringa fruit pod extracts;(3)Among the Moringa extracts,the Moringa stem leaf extract demonstrated strong antioxidant activity.