不同类型饲料在甘南牦牛冷季保膘中的应用效果

Application Effect of Different Feed Types on Keeping Fat in Gannan Yak during Cold Season

牦牛在高寒草地纯放牧条件下,每年冷季体重处于负增长的时间长达6个月以上,每过一个冷季体重约减轻20%~25%。冷季大幅度掉膘直接造成畜产品的巨大损失、降低牦牛的增重速度和增加死亡率,给牦牛业造成严重负面影响,同时间接影响牦牛的繁殖性能、产奶性能以及后代生长发育性能等。因此,冷季大幅度掉膘影响牦牛生产的每一个环节,甚至是暖季是否发情的决定性外部因素。冷季大幅度掉膘在造成巨大的直接经济损失的同时其造成的间接损失远大于直接损失。减少牦牛冷季掉膘量也正是提高牦牛业生产水平的关键所在。

Under pure grazing conditions in alpine grasslands,yaks experience negative weight gain for over 6 months during the cold season each year,resulting in a weight loss of approximately 20%to 25%after each cold season.The significant loss of fat during the cold season directly causes significant losses to livestock products,reduces the weight gain rate and increases mor-tality rate of yaks,and has a serious negative impact on the yak industry.At the same time,it indirectly affects the reproductive performance,milk production performance,and offspring growth and development performance of yaks.Therefore,the signifi-cant weight loss during the cold season affects every aspect of yak production,and even the decisive external factor for whether or not it is in heat during the warm season.The significant loss of fat during the cold season not only causes huge direct eco-nomic losses,but also causes much greater indirect losses than direct losses.Reducing the weight loss of yaks during the cold season is also the key to improving the production level of the yak industry.