生物炭和丛枝菌根真菌配施强化重金属污染土壤植物修复研究进展

Research progress on heavy metal contaminated soil phytoremediation enhanced by combining biochar and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

土壤重金属污染严重影响农产品质量、威胁人类健康,是亟待解决的全球性环境问题之一。生物炭可有效改善土壤环境,降低重金属生物有效性,在修复重金属污染土壤方面得到了广泛关注。丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)能够与大多数植物形成共生关系,增强植物养分吸收能力,并提高其重金属耐受性。生物炭-AMF配施在改善土壤养分含量、固化重金属、促进植物生长等方面具有协同增效作用,在修复重金属污染土壤中展现了较大的研究潜力和应用价值。从改善土壤质量、促进植物生长两方面综述了生物炭-AMF配施修复重金属污染土壤的作用机理,并对其今后在基因组学机理研究和实际应用方面进行了展望,以期为修复重金属污染土壤,改善土壤生态系统质量提供理论依据。

Soil heavy metal contamination seriously affects the quality of agricultural products,and threatens human health,which is one of the global environmental issues.Biochar can effectively improve the soil environment and reduce the bioavailability of heavy metals,so it has received widespread attention in the remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil.Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)can form symbiotic relationship with most plants,enhance their capacity of nutrient absorption and enhance their heavy metal tolerance.Combined application of biochar and AMF has synergistic effects in improving soil nutrient content,solidifying heavy metals,and promoting plant growth,which also has shown great research potential in remediating heavy metal contaminated soils.This paper summarized the mechanisms of combined biochar and AMF for remediation of soil heavy metal contamination in terms of improving soil quality and promoting plant growth,and then looked forward to its future research on genomics mechanism and practical application.This paper would provide theoretical basis for both remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil and improvement of soil ecosystem quality.