淄博市典型人为源VOCs排放特征及其臭氧生成潜势研究

Study on the emission characteristics of ambient VOCs and their ozone formation potentials in Zibo City

挥发性有机物(VOCs)是大气臭氧形成的关键前体物,分析其关键排放源及其臭氧生成潜势(OFP)对于明确臭氧污染的治理方向具有重要作用.本研究以淄博市为例,通过VOCs源成分谱构建明确典型污染源排放VOCs的特征信息,建立了淄博市2021年VOCs物种的精细化排放清单,系统分析了典型人为源VOCs的排放特征及其臭氧生成潜势.结果表明:2021年淄博市人为源VOCs排放总量达到42882.7 t,其中,工艺过程源对于总VOCs排放的贡献达到65.5%.工艺过程源中石化与化工、溶剂使用源中的建筑涂料和农药使用等子源类对淄博市VOCs排放量的贡献相对较高.人为源排放的VOCs物种中烷烃占到VOCs排放总量的39.9%,显著高于其它VOCs物种;芳香烃和烯烃分别占排放总量的15.1%和8.9%.烷烃主要来源于工艺过程源和溶剂使用源,芳香烃的主要来源是工艺过程源、溶剂使用源及移动源,烯烃的主要来源是工艺过程源和移动源.2021年淄博市VOCs的OFP为88942.6 t,其中,烯烃和芳香烃对OFP的贡献分别达到41.1%和29.5%,明显高于其它VOCs物种.工艺过程源排放对OFP的贡献最高(50.1%),其次是移动源(18.8%)和溶剂使用源(18.3%).乙烯、甲苯、丙烯、间/对二甲苯和1,3-丁二烯对OFP的贡献相对较高,其中,烯烃的贡献要明显高于其它物种.石化与化工、医药制造、建筑涂料、工业涂装和印刷印染是对淄博市VOCs臭氧生成潜势贡献较高的二级源类,这些排放源的管控对于改善淄博市大气臭氧污染意义重大.

Volatile organic compounds(VOCs) are critical precursors of ozone formation in the atmosphere,and investigating their key emission sources and related ozone formation potentials(OFPs) can play an important role in clarifying the direction of ozone pollution control.This study took Zibo City as an example and constructed the VOC source profiles to clarify characteristic information of VOCs emitted from typical anthrpogenic sources,and further established a refined source emission inventory of VOCs species in Zibo city in 2021.The emission characteristics and OFPs of VOCs from typical anthropogenic sources were systematically analyzed in this study.Results show that the total anthropogenic VOCs emissions in Zibo city reached 42882.7 tons in 2021,with industrial processing category sources contributing 65.5% to the total anthropogenic VOCs emissions.The subsources of categories petrochemicals and chemicals in industrial process sources,as well as the usage of building coatings and pesticides in solvent sources,contributed relatively high to VOC emissions in Zibo city.Alkane accounted for 39.9% of the total VOCs emitted from anthropogenic sources,substantially higher than other VOCs species.Aromatic hydrocarbons and alkenes accounted for 15.1% and 8.9% of the total anthropogenic VOCs emissions,respectively.Alkanes mainly originated from industrial processing sources and solvent use sources;aromatic hydrocarbons were mainly derived from industrial process sources,solvent use sources,and mobile vehicle exhaust;while alkenes were mainly emitted from industrial processing sources and mobile sources.In 2021,the OFP of anthropogenic VOCs in Zibo was 88942.6 t,with alkenes and aromatic hydrocarbons contributing 41.1% and 29.5% to the total OFP,respectively,substantially higher than other VOCs.The industrial processing sources had the highest contribution to the OFP(50.1%),followed by mobile source(18.8%) and solvent use source(18.3%).The ethene,toluene,propene,m/p-xylene,and 1,3-butadiene had relatively higher OFP contributions,with alkenes remarkedly higher than other VOC species.Petrochemical and chemical industries,pharmaceutical manufacturing,building coatings,industrial coatings,and printing and dyeing were the sub-sources of VOCs with high contributions to the OFP.The control of these emission sources was of great significance for improving ozone pollution in Zibo city.