太行山普通小麦植硅体记录及其生态意义

PHYTOLITH OF THE WHEAT(TRITICUM AESTIVUM)IN THE TAIHANG MOUNTAIN REGION AND THEIR ECOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE

小麦作为全球三大谷物之一,其产量受全球气候变化直接影响。硅可以增强小麦的抗逆性,小麦植硅体的形成与环境因素密切相关。本文以太行山普通小麦为例,在已有研究成果基础上详细研究了小麦植硅体的主要类型(短细胞、长细胞、毛发细胞、气孔和导管植硅体等),分析了不同水分条件下小麦各部位植硅体变化特征,结果表明:(1)干旱条件促进小麦植硅体的形成,并使短尖型植硅体的数量增加;(2)小麦各部位植硅体组合对干旱的响应趋势不同。这些认识对深入理解小麦植硅体的发育和对环境因素的响应机制、促进小麦植硅体的研究应用具有指导意义。

Wheat,as one of the three major global grains,is directly impacted by climate change in terms of its production.Silicon has the potential to enhance stress resistance of wheat,while the formation of wheat phytoliths is closely associated with environmental factors.Taking wheat in the Taihang Mountain as a case study,this research provides a detailed analysis of the main types of wheat phytoliths(short cells,long cells,hair cells,stomata and catheter phytoliths,etc.).Furthermore,this study examines the changes of phytoliths in different parts of wheat under varying hydration conditions.It shows that(1)drought condition promotes the formation of wheat phytoliths and increases the abundance of small prickle phytoliths,(2)the response patterns of phytoliths combinations to drought stress differ among parts of the wheat.The new knowledge of wheat phytolith formation and its response mechanism to environmental factors will promote the profound application of wheat phytolith in various fields.