GNSS外辐射源动目标遥感检测技术现状与发展趋势

A Review of Moving Target Detection Techniques Using GNSS Passive Remote Sensing System

全球导航卫星系统(global navigation satellite system,GNSS)除了用于导航定位服务之外,因其信号覆盖率高及卫星可见性强等优势,亦可作为被动雷达的机会辐射源完成地表环境和运动目标的遥感探测。但是,其较低的到达地面功率和较窄的信号带宽也给该类系统的应用带来诸多挑战。回顾了GNSS被动雷达遥感系统近30年的发展历程,聚焦运动目标遥感检测技术。通过分析后向散射和前向散射两种GNSS外辐射源探测体制下的动目标检测流程,梳理了相关技术的重点和难点,介绍了国内外在相关问题上取得的研究进展和潜在发展趋势,以期为相关研究提供参考。

The global navigation satellite system(GNSS),besides being utilized for navigation and posi-tioning services,also being regarded as signal source of opportunity for remote sensing of Earth surface en-vironments and spatial targets through its advantages of high signal coverage and satellites visibility.Never-theless,its inherent characteristics,including low power levels and limited bandwidth,pose considerable challenges to relative applications.The development of GNSS-based passive remote sensing system during the past three decades is reviewed,with a focus on the target detection technology.By analyzing the target detection processes of GNSS-based remote sensing system under both backward and forward scattering configurations,the key points and difficulties of relevant technologies are delineated.Progress and potential opportunities achieved domestically and internationally for addressing relative problems are also discussed.