CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑技术安全性研究进展

Research progress on the safety of CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology

CRISPR/Cas9(Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats/CRISPR-associated nuclease 9)技术凭借效率高、简便、成本低和易操作的特点成为当今主流的基因编辑系统,并被广泛应用于基础研究和临床应用研究。然而,CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑技术潜在的安全风险引起广泛关注。已有研究表明,CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑技术存在脱靶、染色体缺失、碎裂和DNA损伤修复功能异常等安全风险。本文主要对CRISPR/Cas9系统潜在的安全风险与防范策略进行概述,为CRISPR/Cas9系统能更加安全有效的应用于临床提供参考。

CRISPR/Cas9(Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats/CRISPR-associated nuclease 9) technology has emerged as the predominant gene editing system owing to its high efficiency, simplicity, low cost and easy operation. It has been widely used in basic research and clinical application research.However, the potential safety risks of CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology have raised widespread concern. Previous studies have shown that CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology has safety risks such as off-target, chromosome deletion, chromothripsis and dysfunction of DNA damage repair. This reviewsummarizes the potential security risks and prevention strategiesof CRISPR/Cas9 system, so as to provide reference for the development of safe and effective CRISPR/Cas9 system for clinical application.