益生菌的抗生素耐药性特征研究进展

Research progress on the characteristics of antibiotic resistance in probiotics

目前,由于人类和动物抗生素使用的不断增加,微生物耐药问题已发展为全球主要的公共卫生问题之一。中国作为世界上最大的抗生素生产国和消费国之一,抗生素耐药基因传播状况更不容忽视。随着全球对益生菌的关注日益增加,在充分肯定益生菌健康功效的同时,也应紧密关注其可能带来的抗生素耐药基因传播问题。研究指出,益生菌自身携带的耐药基因可通过基因水平转移的方式传递给人体肠道中的致病菌,导致耐药感染,亟待深入挖掘和探索益生菌耐药机制及耐药基因传播特征。因此,本研究总结了人体肠道耐药基因的组成和传播机制,在此基础上进一步综述了益生菌耐药机制以及在耐药基因驱动下益生菌耐药性的发展特征,并对益生菌耐药机制的研究瓶颈以及未来益生菌的安全性评估进行了总结和展望。

Owing to the increasing use of antibiotics in human beings and animals at present,the problem of microbial drug resistance has developed into one of the major global public health problems.As one of the largest producers and consumers of antibiotics,the transmission of drug-resistant genes is a cause for concern.Given the global attention towards probiotics,it is necessary to pay close attention to the transmission of drug-resistant genes that may be brought about by probiotics while fully affirming their health efficacy.Studies have shown that drug-resistant genes presented in probiotics can be transmitted to pathogenic bacteria in the human gut via horizontal gene transfer and lead to the development of drug-resistant infections.Hence it is imperative to further explore the mechanism of drug resistance and transmission characteristics of drug resistance genes in probiotics.In this review,we provide an overview of the composition and transmission mechanism of drug-resistant genome in human intestinal flora.Furthermore,we review the mechanism of drug resistance in probiotics and the development characteristics of drug resistance in probiotics driven by drug-resistant genes,and summarize the current research bottleneck of mechanism of drug resistance in probiotics and the safety evaluation of probiotics for future research.