潍坊市婴幼儿和学龄前儿童贫血现状调查

Research on Anemia Status of Infants and Preschool Children in Weifang

目的:了解潍坊市5岁以下婴幼儿和学龄前儿童缺铁性贫血状况及变化趋势,为合理膳食行动提供指标数据,同时为健康影响因素的干预管理提供参考依据。方法:2023年5—7月采用随机抽样法从潍坊市市区8家妇幼保健机构中随机抽取1家,从其服务对象中随机抽取男女比例基本相当的0~5岁婴幼儿和学龄前儿童407人,采用方差分析和χ2检验对其贫血状况进行分析。结果:407名5岁以下婴幼儿和学龄前儿童中,贫血人数为57人,总贫血患病率为13.97%。其中,男童37人,贫血患病率为16.37%;女童20人,贫血患病率为11.05%;[28天,6月龄)4名,贫血患病率为4.44%;[6月龄,2周岁)44名,贫血患病率为24.18%;[2,5)周岁9名,贫血患病率为6.67%。结论:纳入调查的0~5岁婴幼儿和学龄前儿童的贫血患病率尚未达到《国民营养计划(2017—2030年)》推荐要求,建议儿童加强体格监测,家庭注重科学喂养,社会提升公共营养服务能力。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the status and change trend of iron deficiency anemia in infants and preschool children under 5 years of age in Weifang,provide index data for rational dietary actions,and provide evidence for intervention and management of health influencing factors.METHODS The anaemia status of 407 infants and preschool children under 5 years old was analyzed by anvariance analysis and Chi-square test according to the physical examination data collected by simple random sampling in maternal and child health institutions in urban areas in 2023.RESULTS In 2023,the total number of anemia in infants and preschool children under 5 years old was 57,and the total anemia rate was 13.97%.Among them,37 were males,the anemia rate was 16.37%.There were 20 females,the anaemia rate was 11.05%.There were 4 patients aged from 28 days to<6 months,and the anemia rate was 4.44%.There were 44 patients aged between 6 months and 2 years old,the anemia rate was 24.18%.There were 9 patients between 2 and 5 years old,and the anemia rate was 6.67%.CONCLUSION The anemia rate of infants and preschool children under 0 to 5 years old has not reached the recommended requirements of National Nutrition Plan(2017—2030).It is recommended that children should strengthen physical monitoring,families should pay attention to scientific feeding,and society should improve the capacity of public nutrition service.