2017—2022年竹山县流行性感冒的流行特征

Epidemiological Characteristics of Influenza in Zhushan County from 2017 to 2022

目的:分析湖北省竹山县流行性感冒的流行特征,并掌握流行趋势,为相关部门制定防控策略提供参考依据。方法:从中国疾病预防控制系统中导出2017—2022年湖北省竹山县流行性感冒疫情数据,采用描述流行病学方法进行分析。结果:2017—2022年竹山县共报告流行性感冒病例7788例,年均报告发病率为286.07/10万,无死亡病例报告。2019年报告发病率最高(690.48/10万),2021年报告发病率最低(35.82/10万),年报告发病率呈整体下降趋势。全县各乡镇均有流行性感冒病例报告,各月均有发病病例,1月为发病高峰,其次为2—3月;发病职业主要为散居儿童,发病年龄主要集中在0~9岁年龄段人群,随年龄增长呈逐级下降趋势,男性报告发病率明显高于女性。结论:流行性感冒仍是严重威胁竹山县居民健康的急性传染病。相关部门应加强呼吸道传染病防治知识宣传,培养居民养成良好的卫生习惯,加大对0~9岁年龄段人群流行性感冒疫苗的接种力度,提高人群整体免疫屏障;加强疫情监测,及时发现和处置流行性感冒暴发苗头,从而遏制流行性感冒病毒的传播和流行。

OBJECTIVE To analyze the epidemic characteristics and trends of influenza in Zhushan County of Hubei Province,and to provide scientific basis for relevant departments to formulate prevention and control strategies.METHODS The influenza epidemic data from 2017 to 2022 in Zhushan County,Hubei province,were derived from the Chinese disease control and prevention system and analyzed using descriptive epidemiological methods.RESULTS A total of 7788 influenza cases were reported in Zhushan County from 2017 to 2022,with an average annual reported incidence of 286.07/105.No deaths were reported.In 2019,the reported incidence rate was the highest(690.48/105)and the lowest(35.82/105)in the 2021.Cases of influenza disease were reported in all townships of the county,with the peak in January,followed by February and March,the age of onset mainly concentrated in the 0~9 age group,with a decreasing trend with age,the reported incidence rate of male was significantly higher than that of female.CONCLUSION The influenza is still an acute infectious disease that poses a serious threat to the health of Zhushan County residents.The relevant departments should step up publicity on the prevention and control of respiratory infectious diseases and educate the residents to form good health habits,to step up the vaccination of influenza vaccine among the 0~9 year-old population,to improve the overall immune barrier of the population,to strengthen the surveillance of the epidemic situation,and to detect and dispose the influenza of outbreaks in a timely manner so as to influenza the spread and prevalence of the virus.