2014—2021年平凉市疑似麻疹、风疹病例检测结果分析

Analysis on Laboratory Test Results of Suspected Measles and Rubella Cases in Pingliang from 2014 to 2021

目的:分析2014—2021年平凉市疑似麻疹、风疹病例血清学IgM抗体检测结果,以了解麻疹、风疹的流行特点,为麻疹、风疹的疫情监测提供实验室诊断依据,为进一步控制和消除麻疹、风疹提供可靠的参考依据。方法:对2014—2021年平凉市各县区报告的疑似麻疹、风疹病例采用酶联免疫捕获法(ELISA)进行血清学IgM抗体检测,对检测结果进行统计分析。结果:2014—2021年平凉市共检测646例疑似麻疹、风疹病例,检出麻疹IgM抗体阳性73例,阳性率11.30%;检出风疹IgM抗体阳性158例,阳性率24.46%。不同性别麻疹、风疹病例分布,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。2月份、4月份为麻疹高发季节,1月份和2月份风疹发病较多。麻疹发病多为1岁以下幼童,风疹发病多为青少年。无免疫史和免疫史不详的阳性病例占比较高。结论:加强疫情监测预警,进一步加强实验室麻疹、风疹IgM抗体检测,及时确证疑似病例,同时加强查漏补种和强化免疫工作。

OBJECTIVE To analyze the serological test results and epidemiological characteristics of suspected Measles and Rubela cases in Pinglian City from 2014 to 2021,and to provide evidence for the development of measles elimination strategy.METHODS ELISA was used to test IgM antibodies in serum samples from suspected cases with measles and rubella sent to Pingliang from 2014 to 2021,and the test results were analyzed by GraphPad Prism.RESULTS 73 cases showed measles IgM antibody positive in 646 suspected measles cases and the positive rate was 11.30%.158 cases showed rubella IgM antibody positive,and the positive rate was 24.46%.There was no statistical significance on the difference of gender distribution for measles and rubella cases.Measles epidemic season was main in February and April,while was in January and February.Measles mainly occurred in children under the age of 1-year-old,while rubella was mostly in adolescence.Positive cases with no history of immunization and unknown immunization account for the highest.CONCLUSION The epidemic surveillance should be strengthened.The detection of serum measles and rubella IgM antibody are conducive to the timely diagnosis of suspected cases.The immunity levels of susceptible population should be enhanced.