大型海洋救助船主推进系统

Propulsion System of Large Ocean Rescue Vessel

海上救助新形势要求大型救助船具有更强的救助能力,并兼顾初始投资和营运经济性。大型救助船主推进系统技术路线的选择对总体性能指标和经济性均有重要影响。以“南海救103”轮的救助能力和救助工况分布为输入条件,从主推进系统配置、总体性能、工况适应性和经济性等4个维度对机械推进、电力推进和混合推进等3种主推进系统进行对比研究。电力推进方式由于增加了能量转换,装机功率比机械推进和混合推进增加约10%。在相同的螺旋桨输入功率条件下,机械推进和混合推进的双导管桨形式与电力推进的三全回转桨形式均能满足拖力和航速要求。混合推进方式兼具机械推进和电力推进的特点,兼顾了长距离航行和低速作业工况。电力推进方式的初始投资最高。不同方式的营运经济性与工况分布关系密切。“南海救103”轮主要用于海域辽阔的南海,长距离航行与低速作业工况都占较高比例,采用混合推进系统是科学合理的。

The new situation of maritime rescue requires more robust rescue vessels to have stronger rescue capabilities and consider both initial investment and operating economy.The choice of main propulsion system for large rescue vessels has an important impact on the overall performance and economy.The rescue capability and rescue operation distribution of the"NAN HAI JIU 103"were taken as input information,the three types of mechanical propulsion,electric propulsion,and hybrid propulsion were analyzed from the four dimensions of main propulsion system configuration,overall performance,working condition adaptability,and economy.Due to energy transform consumption,the installed power of electric propulsion was about 10%higher than that of mechanical propulsion and hybrid propulsion.Under the same propeller input power conditions,both the twin-duct propeller form of mechanical propulsion and hybrid propulsion and the three-pod form of electric propulsion could meet the bollard pull and speed requirements.Hybrid propulsion combined the characteristics of mechanical propulsion and electric propulsion,taking into account long-distance navigation and low-speed operation conditions.Electric propulsion had the highest initial investment,and the operating economy was closely related to the distribution ratio of working conditions.The"NAN HAI JIU 103"is mainly used in the South China Sea,and long-distance navigation and low-speed operation conditions accounts for a high proportion,so using a hybrid propulsion system was scientific and reasonable.